Skip to content
Merged
Show file tree
Hide file tree
Changes from 9 commits
Commits
File filter

Filter by extension

Filter by extension

Conversations
Failed to load comments.
Loading
Jump to
Jump to file
Failed to load files.
Loading
Diff view
Diff view
71 changes: 42 additions & 29 deletions Docs/sphinx/Spray.rst
Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -303,7 +303,7 @@ Spray Flags and Inputs

particles.SP_psat = 4.07857 1501.268 -78.67 1.E5

where the numbers represent :math:`a`, :math:`b`, :math:`c`, and :math:`d`, respectively in:
where the numbers represent coefficients :math:`a`, :math:`b`, :math:`c`, and unit conversion :math:`d`, respectively in:

.. math::
p_{\rm{sat}}(T) = d 10^{a - b / (T + c)}
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -448,54 +448,67 @@ Spray Validation
Single Droplet Tests
--------------------

Single droplet tests are performed and compared with computational or experimental results published in literature. These tests are setup in ``PeleProduction/PeleMPruns/single_drop_test``. To run a test case, simply open ``Validate.py`` and set the case name from the table below ::
Single droplet tests are performed in PeleLMeX and compared with experimental results published in literature. These tests are setup in ``PeleLMeX/Exec/RegTests/SprayEvap``. To run a test case, simply open ``Validate.py`` and set the case name from the table below, for example ::

case = TestCaseName()
case = WongLin()

then do ``python Validate.py``.
then run ``python Validate.py``.
The following table details the parameters of each test:

.. table::

+---------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------------+-----------------+
|Test Case Name | :math:`T_g` [K] |:math:`p_g` [bar]|:math:`T_d` [K] |:math:`d_d` [um] | :math:`\Delta u` [m/s]|Ref |
| | | | | | | |
+===============+=================+=================+=================+=================+=======================+=================+
|``Tonini_4_33``|1000 |1 |300 |200 |6.786 |[#ton]_ |
+---------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------------+-----------------+
|``Abramzon`` |1500 |10 |300 |100 |15 |[#abram]_ |
+---------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------------+-----------------+
|``Daif`` |348 |1 |294 |1334 |3.10 |[#daif]_ |
+---------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------------+-----------------+
|``RungeHep`` |273 |1 |272 |500-570 |2.5 |[#runge]_ |
|``RungeDec`` | | | | | | |
|``RungeMix`` | | | | | | |
+---------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------------+-----------------+

.. figure:: /Visualization/ton_res.png
+---------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------------+-----------------+-----------------+
|Test Name | :math:`T_g` [K] |:math:`p_g` [bar]|:math:`T_d` [K] |:math:`d_d` [um] | :math:`\Delta u` [m/s]|Fuel |Ref |
| | | | | | | | |
+===============+=================+=================+=================+=================+=======================+=================+=================+
|``Nomura`` |471 |1 |298 |700 |0.0 |heptane |[#nomura]_ |
+---------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------------+-----------------+-----------------+
|``WongLin`` |1000 |1.01325 |315 |1961 |0.385 |decane |[#wonglin]_ |
+---------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------------+-----------------+-----------------+
|``Daif`` |348 |1.01325 |291 |1334 |3.1 |heptane/decane |[#daif]_ |
+---------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------------+-----------------+-----------------+
|``RungeHep``, |272 |1.01325 |272 |570-594 |2.5 |heptane, |[#runge]_ |
|``RungeDec``, | | | | | |decane, | |
|``RungeMix`` | | | | | |mix | |
+---------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------------+-----------------+-----------------+


.. figure:: /Visualization/nomura_res_2025.png
:align: center
:figwidth: 40%

Heptane droplet diameter comparisons with Nomura et al. [#nomura]_

.. figure:: /Visualization/wonglin_res_2025.png
:align: center
:figwidth: 80%

Droplet diameter, temperature, and n-octane mass fraction comparisons with Figure 4.33 in [#ton]_
Decane droplet diameter and temperature comparisons with Wong & Lin [#wonglin]_

.. figure:: /Visualization/abram_res.png
.. figure:: /Visualization/daif_res_2025.png
:align: center
:figwidth: 80%

Droplet diameter and temperature comparisons with [#abram]_
Binary mixture of heptane and decane droplet diameter and temperature comparisons with Daı̈f et al. [#daif]_

.. figure:: /Visualization/daif_res.png
.. figure:: /Visualization/runge_simple_res_2025.png
:align: center
:figwidth: 80%

Droplet diameter and temperature comparisons with [#daif]_
Droplet evaporation of heptane, decane, and a binary mixture of heptane and decane compared to experimental measurements from with Runge et al. [#runge]_

.. [#ton] "Fuel spray modeling in direct-injection diesel and gasoline engines", S. Tonini, Dissertation, City University London (2006)

.. [#ton] "Fuel spray modeling in direct-injection diesel and gasoline engines", S. Tonini, Dissertation, City University London (2006), url: `https://openaccess.city.ac.uk/id/eprint/8486/ <https://openaccess.city.ac.uk/id/eprint/8486/>`_.

.. [#abram] "Droplet vaporization model for spray combustion calculations", B. Abramzon and W. A. Sirignano, Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer, Vol. 32, No. 9, pp. 1605-1618 (1989)

.. [#daif] "Comparison of multicomponent fuel droplet vaporization experiments in forced convection with the Sirignano model", A. Daı̈f and M. Bouaziz and X. Chesneau and A. Ali Chérif, Exp. Therm. Fluid Sci., Vol. 18, No. 4, pp. 282-290, Issn 0894-1777 (1998)
.. [#Ge] "Development of a CPU/GPU portable software library for Lagrangian-Eulerian simulations of liquid sprays", W. Ge and R. Sankaran and J. H. Chen, Int. J. Multiph. Flow, Vol. 128 (2020), doi: `10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2020.103293 <https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2020.103293>`_.

.. [#nomura] “Experimental study on high-pressure droplet evaporation using microgravity conditions”, H. Nomura and Y. Ujiie and H. J. Rath and J. Sato and M. Kono, Symposium (International) on Combustion, vol. 26, no. 1, pp. 1267–1273 (1996), doi: `10.1016/S0082-0784(96)80344-4 <https://doi.org/10.1016/S0082-0784(96)80344-4>`_.

.. [#wonglin] “Internal temperature distributions of droplets vaporizing in high-temperature convective flows”, S.-C. Wong and A.-C. Lin, J. Fluid Mech., vol. 237, pp. 671–687 (1992), doi: `10.1017/S0022112092003574 <https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022112092003574>`_.

.. [#daif] "Comparison of multicomponent fuel droplet vaporization experiments in forced convection with the Sirignano model", A. Daı̈f and M. Bouaziz and X. Chesneau and A. Ali Chérif, Exp. Therm. Fluid Sci., Vol. 18, No. 4, pp. 282-290, Issn 0894-1777 (1998), doi: `10.1016/S0894-1777(98)10035-3 <https://doi.org/10.1016/S0894-1777(98)10035-3>`_.

.. [#runge] "Low-temperature vaporization of JP-4 and JP-8 fuel droplets", T. Runge and M. Teske and C. E. Polymeropoulos, At. Sprays, Vol. 8, pp. 25-44 (1998)
.. [#runge] "Low-temperature vaporization of JP-4 and JP-8 fuel droplets", T. Runge and M. Teske and C. E. Polymeropoulos, At. Sprays, Vol. 8, pp. 25-44 (1998), doi: `10.1615/AtomizSpr.v8.i1.20 <https://doi.org/10.1615/AtomizSpr.v8.i1.20>`_.

.. [#Ge] "Development of a CPU/GPU portable software library for Lagrangian-Eulerian simulations of liquid sprays", W. Ge and R. Sankaran and J. H. Chen, Int. J. Multiph. Flow, Vol. 128 (2020)
Binary file added Docs/sphinx/Visualization/daif_res_2025.png
Loading
Sorry, something went wrong. Reload?
Sorry, we cannot display this file.
Sorry, this file is invalid so it cannot be displayed.
Binary file added Docs/sphinx/Visualization/nomura_res_2025.png
Loading
Sorry, something went wrong. Reload?
Sorry, we cannot display this file.
Sorry, this file is invalid so it cannot be displayed.
Loading
Sorry, something went wrong. Reload?
Sorry, we cannot display this file.
Sorry, this file is invalid so it cannot be displayed.
Binary file added Docs/sphinx/Visualization/wonglin_res_2025.png
Loading
Sorry, something went wrong. Reload?
Sorry, we cannot display this file.
Sorry, this file is invalid so it cannot be displayed.
Loading
Loading