diff --git a/login.html b/login.html
index 7c4f0e4..dca0515 100644
--- a/login.html
+++ b/login.html
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ <h2>Login</h2>
       <div class="input-group">
         <label for="email">Email</label>
         <input id="email" type="email" placeholder="Email" required>
+        <div class="validation-message" id="email-validation"></div>
       </div>
       <div class="input-group">
         <label for="password">Password</label>
@@ -28,6 +29,7 @@ <h2>Login</h2>
             <i class="fas fa-eye" aria-hidden="true"></i>
           </button>
           </div>
+        <div class="validation-message" id="password-validation"></div>
       </div>
       <button type="submit">Login</button>
     </form>
diff --git a/scripts/auth.js b/scripts/auth.js
index dc3b505..e0558fe 100644
--- a/scripts/auth.js
+++ b/scripts/auth.js
@@ -57,11 +57,240 @@ function initializePasswordToggle() {
 // Initialize password toggle when DOM is loaded
 document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', function () {
   initializePasswordToggle();
+  // Initialize form validation for both login and signup pages
+  initializeFormValidation();
 });
 
+/* ===============================================
+   FORM VALIDATION SYSTEM - START
+   =============================================== */
+
+// Validation configuration for reusability
+const VALIDATION_RULES = {
+  email: { pattern: /^[^\s@]+@[^\s@]+\.[^\s@]+$/, minLength: 5, maxLength: 100 },
+  username: { pattern: /^[a-zA-Z0-9_-]+$/, minLength: 3, maxLength: 20 },
+  password: { login: { minLength: 6 }, signup: { minLength: 8, strengthCheck: true } }
+};
+
+/**
+ * Initialize form validation for both login and signup pages
+ */
+function initializeFormValidation() {
+  const formConfigs = {
+    'login-form': [
+      { id: 'email', type: 'email' },
+      { id: 'password', type: 'password', mode: 'login' }
+    ],
+    'signup-form': [
+      { id: 'username', type: 'username' },
+      { id: 'email', type: 'email' },
+      { id: 'password', type: 'password', mode: 'signup' }
+    ]
+  };
+
+  // Setup validation for each form
+  Object.entries(formConfigs).forEach(([formId, fields]) => {
+    if (document.getElementById(formId)) {
+      fields.forEach(field => setupFieldValidation(field));
+    }
+  });
+}
+
+/**
+ * Setup validation for a single field - removes duplicate event listener code
+ */
+function setupFieldValidation(field) {
+  const input = document.getElementById(field.id);
+  if (!input) return;
+
+  const validator = () => validateField(input, field.type, field.mode || 'login');
+  ['input', 'blur'].forEach(event => input.addEventListener(event, validator));
+}
+
+/**
+ * Universal field validation function - handles all types with common logic
+ */
+function validateField(input, type, mode) {
+  if (!input) return false;
+
+  const value = input.value.trim();
+  const messageId = `${input.id}-validation`;
+
+  if (!value) {
+    hideValidationMessage(messageId, input);
+    if (type === 'password' && mode === 'signup') hidePasswordStrengthIndicator(messageId);
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  switch (type) {
+    case 'email': return validateWithRules(input, value, messageId, 'email', '✓ Email format is valid');
+    case 'username': return validateWithRules(input, value, messageId, 'username', '✓ Username is valid');
+    case 'password': return validatePasswordField(input, value, messageId, mode);
+    default: return false;
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Unified validation with rules - eliminates duplicate code
+ */
+function validateWithRules(input, value, messageId, type, successMsg) {
+  const rules = VALIDATION_RULES[type];
+  const errors = [
+    [type === 'email' && !rules.pattern.test(value), 'Please enter a valid email address'],
+    [type === 'email' && value.includes('..'), 'Email cannot contain consecutive dots'],
+    [type === 'email' && (value.startsWith('.') || value.endsWith('.')), 'Email cannot start or end with a dot'],
+    [type === 'username' && value.length < rules.minLength, `Username must be at least ${rules.minLength} characters (${value.length}/${rules.minLength})`],
+    [type === 'username' && value.length > rules.maxLength, `Username cannot exceed ${rules.maxLength} characters`],
+    [type === 'username' && !rules.pattern.test(value), 'Username can only contain letters, numbers, underscore, and hyphen'],
+    [type === 'username' && !/^[a-zA-Z0-9]/.test(value), 'Username must start with a letter or number']
+  ].filter(([condition]) => condition);
+
+  if (errors.length) {
+    showValidationMessage(messageId, errors[0][1], 'error', input);
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  showValidationMessage(messageId, successMsg, 'success', input);
+  return true;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Concise password validation with mode support
+ */
+function validatePasswordField(input, password, messageId, mode) {
+  const rules = VALIDATION_RULES.password[mode];
+  if (!rules) return false;
+
+  if (password.length < rules.minLength) {
+    showValidationMessage(messageId, `Password must be at least ${rules.minLength} characters (${password.length}/${rules.minLength})`, 'error', input);
+    if (mode === 'signup') hidePasswordStrengthIndicator(messageId);
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  if (mode === 'signup' && rules.strengthCheck) {
+    const strength = calculatePasswordStrength(password);
+    showPasswordStrengthIndicator(messageId, strength);
+    const messages = {
+      weak: ['Password is weak. ' + strength.suggestions[0], 'warning', false],
+      fair: ['Password is fair. ' + (strength.suggestions[0] || 'Consider adding more variety'), 'warning', true],
+      good: ['✓ Good password strength', 'success', true],
+      strong: ['✓ Strong password!', 'success', true]
+    };
+    const [message, type, isValid] = messages[strength.level];
+    showValidationMessage(messageId, message, type, input);
+    return isValid;
+  }
+
+  showValidationMessage(messageId, '✓ Password entered', 'success', input);
+  return true;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Efficient validation message utilities
+ */
+function showValidationMessage(messageId, message, type, inputElement) {
+  const messageElement = document.getElementById(messageId);
+  if (!messageElement || !inputElement) return;
+
+  messageElement.className = `validation-message show ${type}`;
+
+  // Remove all validation-* classes using classList methods
+  Array.from(inputElement.classList)
+    .filter(cls => /^validation-\w+$/.test(cls))
+    .forEach(cls => inputElement.classList.remove(cls));
+
+  // Add new validation class
+  inputElement.classList.add(`validation-${type}`);
+  messageElement.textContent = message;
+}
+
+function hideValidationMessage(messageId, inputElement) {
+  const messageElement = document.getElementById(messageId);
+  if (messageElement) messageElement.className = 'validation-message';
+
+  if (inputElement) {
+    // Remove all validation-* classes using classList methods
+    Array.from(inputElement.classList)
+      .filter(cls => /^validation-\w+$/.test(cls))
+      .forEach(cls => inputElement.classList.remove(cls));
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Concise password strength calculation
+ */
+function calculatePasswordStrength(password) {
+  const checks = [
+    [password.length >= 8, 'Add more characters'],
+    [password.length >= 12, ''],
+    [/[a-z]/.test(password), 'Add lowercase letters'],
+    [/[A-Z]/.test(password), 'Add uppercase letters'],
+    [/[0-9]/.test(password), 'Add numbers'],
+    [/[^a-zA-Z0-9]/.test(password), 'Add special characters (!@#$%)']
+  ];
+
+  const score = checks.filter(([test]) => test).length;
+  const suggestions = checks.filter(([test, msg]) => !test && msg).map(([, msg]) => msg);
+  const levels = ['weak', 'weak', 'weak', 'fair', 'fair', 'good', 'strong'];
+
+  return { level: levels[score] || 'weak', score, suggestions };
+}
+
+/**
+ * Efficient password strength indicator
+ */
+function showPasswordStrengthIndicator(messageId, strength) {
+  const messageElement = document.getElementById(messageId);
+  if (!messageElement) return;
+
+  // Clean up existing indicator
+  const existing = messageElement.parentNode.querySelector('.password-strength-indicator');
+  if (existing) existing.remove();
+
+  const indicator = document.createElement('div');
+  indicator.innerHTML = `
+    <div class="password-strength-indicator">
+      <div class="password-strength-bar">
+        <div class="password-strength-fill ${strength.level}"></div>
+      </div>
+      <div class="password-strength-text">Password strength: ${strength.level.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + strength.level.slice(1)}</div>
+    </div>
+  `;
+
+  messageElement.parentNode.insertBefore(indicator.firstElementChild, messageElement.nextSibling);
+}
+
+function hidePasswordStrengthIndicator(messageId) {
+  const messageElement = document.getElementById(messageId);
+  const indicator = messageElement?.parentNode?.querySelector('.password-strength-indicator');
+  if (indicator) indicator.remove();
+}
+
+/**
+ * Efficient form validation for submission
+ */
+function validateForm(formType) {
+  const fieldConfigs = {
+    login: [['email', 'email'], ['password', 'password', 'login']],
+    signup: [['username', 'username'], ['email', 'email'], ['password', 'password', 'signup']]
+  };
+
+  const fields = fieldConfigs[formType];
+  return fields ? fields.every(([id, type, mode]) => {
+    const input = document.getElementById(id);
+    return input && validateField(input, type, mode || 'login');
+  }) : false;
+}
+
 if (document.getElementById('signup-form')) {
   document.getElementById('signup-form').addEventListener('submit', async (e) => {
     e.preventDefault()
+
+    // Validate form before submission
+    if (!validateForm('signup')) {
+      return; // Stop submission if validation fails
+    }
+
     const username = document.getElementById('username').value
     const email = document.getElementById('email').value
     const password = document.getElementById('password').value
@@ -79,6 +308,12 @@ if (document.getElementById('signup-form')) {
 if (document.getElementById('login-form')) {
   document.getElementById('login-form').addEventListener('submit', async (e) => {
     e.preventDefault()
+
+    // Validate form before submission
+    if (!validateForm('login')) {
+      return; // Stop submission if validation fails
+    }
+
     const email = document.getElementById('email').value
     const password = document.getElementById('password').value
     const res = await API.login({ email, password })
diff --git a/signup.html b/signup.html
index 7655631..f576ed6 100644
--- a/signup.html
+++ b/signup.html
@@ -17,10 +17,12 @@ <h2>Sign up</h2>
       <div class="input-group">
         <label for="username">Username</label>
         <input id="username" type="text" placeholder="Username" required>
+        <div class="validation-message" id="username-validation"></div>
       </div>
       <div class="input-group">
         <label for="email">Email</label>
         <input id="email" type="email" placeholder="Email" required>
+        <div class="validation-message" id="email-validation"></div>
       </div>
       <div class="input-group">
         <label for="password">Password</label>
@@ -32,6 +34,7 @@ <h2>Sign up</h2>
             <i class="fas fa-eye" aria-hidden="true"></i>
           </button>
           </div>
+        <div class="validation-message" id="password-validation"></div>
       </div>
       <button type="submit">Sign up</button>
     </form>
diff --git a/styles/login.css b/styles/login.css
index dafe6d2..3afc41d 100644
--- a/styles/login.css
+++ b/styles/login.css
@@ -218,4 +218,128 @@ input[type="password"]::-webkit-credentials-auto-fill-button {
     font-size: 1rem; /* Smaller font size for button text */
   }
   
-}
\ No newline at end of file
+}
+/* ===============================================
+   FORM VALIDATION STYLES - START
+   =============================================== */
+
+
+.validation-message {
+  font-size: 0.85rem;
+  margin-top: 0;
+  margin-bottom: 0;
+  transition: all 0.3s ease;
+  opacity: 0;
+  transform: translateY(-10px);
+  visibility: hidden;
+  height: 0;
+  overflow: hidden;
+  font-weight: 500;
+}
+
+
+.validation-message.show {
+  opacity: 1;
+  transform: translateY(0);
+  visibility: visible;
+  height: auto;
+  margin-top: 5px;
+  margin-bottom: 5px;
+}
+
+
+.validation-message.error {
+  color: #780000; /* Keep red for errors */
+}
+
+.validation-message.success {
+  color: #28a745; /* Green for success */
+}
+
+
+.validation-message.warning {
+  color: #ffc107; /* Yellow for warnings */
+}
+
+.input-group input.validation-error {
+  border-color: #780000;
+  background-color: rgba(120, 0, 0, 0.05);
+  box-shadow: 0 0 0 2px rgba(120, 0, 0, 0.1);
+}
+
+.input-group input.validation-success {
+  border-color: #28a745; /* Green border for success */
+  background-color: rgba(40, 167, 69, 0.05); /* Light green background */
+  box-shadow: 0 0 0 2px rgba(40, 167, 69, 0.1); /* Green box-shadow */
+}
+
+.input-group input.validation-warning {
+  border-color: #ffc107; /* Yellow border for warnings */
+  background-color: rgba(255, 193, 7, 0.05); /* Light yellow background */
+  box-shadow: 0 0 0 2px rgba(255, 193, 7, 0.1); /* Yellow box-shadow */
+}
+
+
+.password-strength-indicator {
+  margin-top: 8px;
+  margin-bottom: 5px;
+}
+
+.password-strength-bar {
+  width: 100%;
+  height: 4px;
+  background-color: #e9ecef;
+  border-radius: 2px;
+  overflow: hidden;
+  margin-bottom: 5px;
+}
+
+.password-strength-fill {
+  height: 100%;
+  transition: all 0.3s ease;
+  border-radius: 2px;
+}
+
+.password-strength-fill.weak {
+  width: 25%;
+  background-color: #780000;
+}
+
+.password-strength-fill.fair {
+  width: 50%;
+  background-color: #a00000;
+}
+
+.password-strength-fill.good {
+  width: 75%;
+  background-color: #780000;
+}
+
+.password-strength-fill.strong {
+  width: 100%;
+  background-color: #780000;
+}
+
+.password-strength-text {
+  font-size: 0.8rem;
+  font-weight: 500;
+  text-align: center;
+  color: #780000;
+  /* Using theme color */
+}
+
+
+@media (max-width: 600px) {
+  .validation-message {
+    font-size: 0.8rem;
+    padding: 6px 10px;
+  }
+
+  .password-strength-text {
+    font-size: 0.75rem;
+  }
+}
+
+/* ===============================================
+   FORM VALIDATION STYLES - END
+   =============================================== */
\ No newline at end of file