chore: add black code styling

[mackenzie-grimes-noaa]

Linear Issue

IDSSE-1244

Changes

• Auto-format all Python code based on opinionated black style conventions
  • Formatter is called "black" as a reference to Henry Ford's famous quote about the Model T: "Any color the customer wants, as long as it's black."
• Add black to linter GitHub Action to confirm that (but not re-format) any code changes have been auto-formatted to black's styling.

Looks like a ton of code changes, but it shouldn't change any app behavior; just auto-formatting of existing code.

Explanation

N/A