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Signed-off-by: Martijn Govers <Martijn.Govers@Alliander.com>
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docs/user_manual/calculations.md

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@@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ also of importance, i.e., the measurements should be topologically independent.
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```
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```{note}
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Global angle current measurements require at least one voltage angle measurement to make sense.
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Global angle current measurements require at least one voltage angle measurement to make sense. See also the [current sensor component documentation](./components.md#global-angle-current-sensors).
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```
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```{warning}
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Algorithm call: {py:class}`CalculationMethod.iterative_linear <power_grid_model.enum.CalculationMethod.iterative_linear>`
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Linear WLS requires all measurements to be linear. This is only possible when all measurements are phasor unit measurements,
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which is not realistic in distribution grids. Therefore, traditional measurements are linearized prior to running the algorithm:
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Linear WLS requires all measurements to be linear and only handles voltage phasor measurements including a phase angle,
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as well as complex current phasor measurements. This is only possible when all measurements are phasor unit measurements,
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which is not realistic in distribution grids. Therefore, traditional measurements are linearized prior to running the algorithm.
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- Bus voltage: Linear WLS requires a voltage phasor including a phase angle. Given that the phase shift in the distribution grid is very small,
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- Bus voltage: Given that the phase shift in the distribution grid is very small,
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it is assumed that the angle shift is zero plus the intrinsic phase shift of transformers. For a certain bus `i`, the voltage
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magnitude measured at that bus is translated into a voltage phasor, where $\theta_i$ is the intrinsic transformer phase shift:
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\end{eqnarray}
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$$
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- Branch current with global angle: Linear WLS requires a complex current phasor. The global angle current measurement captures
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- Branch current with global angle: The global angle current measurement captures
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the phase offset relative to the same predetermined reference phase against which the voltage angle is measured. It is not
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sufficient to use the default zero-phase reference offset, because the reference point is not uniquely determined when there
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are no voltage angle measurements, resulting in ambiguities. As a result, using any global angle current sensor in the grid
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\end{eqnarray}
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$$
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- Branch current with local angle: Linear WLS requires a complex current phasor. Sometimes, (accurate) voltage measurements are
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not available for a branch, which means no power measurement is possible. Using only the current amplitude is difficult.
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However, it may be possible to obtain a reasonably accurately measurement of the current amplitude and the relative phase angle
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to the voltage. In this way, we still have enough information for the state estimation. The resulting local current phasor
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$\underline{I}_{\text{local}}$ can be translated to the global current phasor (see above) for iterative linear state estimation.
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Given the measured (linearized) voltage phasor, the current phasor is calculated as follows:
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- Branch current with local angle: Sometimes, (accurate) voltage measurements are available for a branch,
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which means no power measurement is possible. While it is not straightforward to use magnitude-only measurements of currents in
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calculations, current phasor measurements can in fact be used in cases where it is possible to obtain a reasonably accurate
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measurement of the current amplitude and the relative phase angle to the voltage. In this way, we still have enough information
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for the state estimation. The resulting local current phasor $\underline{I}_{\text{local}}$ can be translated to the global
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current phasor (see above) for iterative linear state estimation. Given the measured (linearized) voltage phasor,
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the current phasor is calculated as follows:
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$$
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\begin{equation}
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where $\underline{U}$ is either measured voltage magnitude at the bus or assumed unity magnitude, with the intrinsic phase shift.
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$\theta$ is the phase angle of the voltage.
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- Branch/shunt power flow: Linear WLS requires a complex current phasor. To make this translation, the voltage at the terminal should
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- Branch/shunt power flow: To translate the power flow to a complex current phasor, the voltage at the terminal should
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also be measured, otherwise the nominal voltage with zero angle is used as an estimation. Given the measured (linearized) voltage
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phasor, the current phasor is calculated as follows:
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\end{eqnarray}
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$$
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- Bus power injection: Linear WLS requires a complex current phasor. Similar as above, if the bus voltage is not measured,
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- Bus power injection: Similar as above, to translate the power flow to a complex current phasor, if the bus voltage is not measured,
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the nominal voltage with zero angle will be used as an estimation. The current phasor is calculated as follows:
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$$

docs/user_manual/components.md

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| ------------------------ | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ---------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | :------: | :------: | :--------------------------------------------------: |
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| `measured_terminal_type` | {py:class}`MeasuredTerminalType <power_grid_model.enum.MeasuredTerminalType>` | - | indicate the side of the `branch` | &#10004; | &#10060; | the terminal type should match the `measured_object` |
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| `angle_measurement_type` | {py:class}`AngleMeasurementType <power_grid_model.enum.AngleMeasurementType>` | - | indicate whether the measured angle is a global angle or a local angle; (see the [electric model](#local-angle-current-sensors) below) | &#10004; | &#10060; | |
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| `i_sigma` | `double` | ampere (A) | standard deviation of the current (`i`) measurement error. Usually this is the absolute measurement error range divided by 3. | &#10060; | &#10004; | `> 0` |
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| `i_angle_sigma` | `double` | rad | standard deviation of the current (`i`) phase angle measurement error. Usually this is the absolute measurement error range divided by 3. | &#10060; | &#10004; | `> 0` |
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| `i_sigma` | `double` | ampere (A) | standard deviation of the current (`i`) measurement error. Usually this is the absolute measurement error range divided by 3. | &#10004; | &#10004; | `> 0` |
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| `i_angle_sigma` | `double` | rad | standard deviation of the current (`i`) phase angle measurement error. Usually this is the absolute measurement error range divided by 3. | &#10004; | &#10004; | `> 0` |
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#### Current Sensor Concrete Types
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