Hello everyone! 👋 This is a small project developed during our university's Computer Interfacing course. Here we designed an intelligent safety helmet which enhances rider protection using modern sensors and communication technologies. It detects accidents, alcohol consumption, theft, and obstacles, and can send emergency alerts using Bluetooth communication. The helmet incorporates a combination of sensors, buzzers, LEDs, and buttons to provide real-time safety feedback. Arduino IDE 2.3.6 was used to upload and compile the code for the Arduino Uno to run the project.
| Component | Type | Purpose |
|---|---|---|
| Arduino Uno | Microcontroller | Core controller for all components |
| MPU6050 | Gyroscope & Accelerometer | Crash and tilt detection |
| MQ3 Sensor | Alcohol Sensor | Alcohol detection via breath |
| IR Sensor | Infrared Sensor | Theft/unwanted access detection |
| Ultrasonic Sensor | HC-SR04 | Obstacle detection |
| Touch Sensor | Capacitive Sensor | Helmet wear detection |
| HC-06 Module | Bluetooth Module | Wireless transmission of alerts to a mobile device |
| LEDs | Actuator | Visual alerts |
| Buzzer | Actuator | Audio alerts |
| SOS Button | Push Button | Emergency alert trigger |
| Kill Switch | Toggle Switch | Enable/disable crash detection system |
- Arduino IDE: For programming and uploading code to the Arduino Uno.
- Wire.h (for I2C communication with MPU6050)
- SoftwareSerial.h (for Bluetooth communication with HC-06)
- I2C: For MPU6050 sensor (SDA/SCL)
- UART: For Bluetooth communication (TX/RX)
- Digital/Analog I/O: For other sensors, buzzers, and LEDs
- Connect the MPU6050 to the Arduino Uno via I2C (SDA to A4, SCL to A5).
- Connect the MQ3 sensor to analog pin A0.
- Connect the IR sensor to digital pin 2.
- Connect the touch sensor to digital pin 6.
- Connect the ultrasonic sensor (HC-SR04) with Trig to pin 11 and Echo to pin 12.
- Connect LEDs to pins 7, 8, and 10.
- Connect buzzers to pins 9 and 13.
- Connect the SOS button to pin 4 and the kill switch to pin 5.
- Connect the HC-06 Bluetooth module to TX and RX pins for serial communication.
- Crash Detection: Triggered when pitch or roll exceeds 45°
- Alcohol Detection: Activates alerts if the alcohol level crosses a threshold
- Helmet Detection: Ensures the helmet is worn before operation
- Theft Alert: IR sensor triggers alert on unauthorized access
- Obstacle Detection: Ultrasonic sensor detects objects within 20cm
- SOS Alert: Emergency messages are sent with a button press
- MQ3 Sensor Noise: Mitigated by using a threshold of >300
- False Crash Detection: Limited to >45° tilt to reduce false alerts
- Sensor Inconsistencies: Delays and flags used to debounce inputs
- Power Consumption: Buzzer/LEDs turned on only when needed
- Real-time alerts for crashes, alcohol detection, and theft
- Efficient, low-power consumption design
- Scalable and practical for commercial and personal use