DOC: Add CONTRIBUTING.md

Author: scottclowe

CONTRIBUTING.md

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+Contributing
+============
+
+Thanks for considering contributing to the bioscan-dataset package!
+
+Please take a moment to read these guidelines which will help you contribute
+efficiently to the package.
+
+
+Issues
+------
+
+If you have found an issue with the BIOSCAN-5M data, such as an invalid image
+or erroneous label, please
+[open an issue on the BIOSCAN-5M repository](https://github.com/bioscan-ml/BIOSCAN-5M/issues/new/choose)
+to report it.
+If you have found an issue with the BIOSCAN-1M data, please check whether this
+was fixed in BIOSCAN-5M by aligning the dataset records in the two datasets
+on the `processid` field before reporting the issue since some known issues
+with the BIOSCAN-1M data were fixed in BIOSCAN-5M.
+There is currently no intention to update the BIOSCAN-1M data further, but
+BIOSCAN-5M will be periodically updated if issues are identified.
+
+If you encounter a bug with the bioscan-dataset package which you would like
+to report, please:
+1. First ensure you are using the latest release ![PyPI - Version](https://img.shields.io/pypi/v/bioscan-dataset)
+   and/or check the [changelog](https://github.com/bioscan-ml/dataset/blob/master/CHANGELOG.rst)
+   to see if the issue was already resolved.
+2. Secondly, check the [open issues](https://github.com/bioscan-ml/dataset/issues)
+   to see if the bug has already been reported.
+3. Otherwise, open a [new issue](https://github.com/bioscan-ml/dataset/issues/new/choose),
+   describing the version of the package you are using and details about your
+   environment, the behaviour you expected, and the behaviour you instead
+   encountered.
+
+
+Pull requests
+-------------
+
+Pull requests are welcome!
+
+For enhancements, please discuss with the code owner(s) by slack, email, or a
+GitHub issue before authoring your enhancement. This is to check your proposal
+is in line with the goals of the package and avoid wasting your time
+implementing code which will not be integrated.
+
+If you have found a bug and are willing to fix it yourself, have found an error
+in the documentation, or can provide an improvement to the documentation, you
+are welcome to open a pull request without discussing it with the code owners
+beforehand.
+
+1. Fork the repository.
+2. Clone your fork to the machine where you will develop the codebase.
+3. Install the pre-commit stack ([see below](#pre-commit) for details).
+4. Checkout a new feature or bugfix branch.
+    - The branch name should be all in lowercase,
+      start with a [commit tag](#commit-messages) (in lowercase),
+      followed by a few words joined by hyphens that describe high-level
+      objective of the PR.
+5. Implement and commit your changes.
+    - Commits should be atomic: don't change multiple things that aren't related to each other in the same commit.
+    - Commits messages should be succinctly descriptive of the change they contain.
+    - Commits messages should open with an appropriate commit tag, or in some cases, combination of commit tags.
+      ([See below](#commit-messages) for details.)
+    - Refactor your commit history to squash any "oops" commits that fix other commits within your PR into the commit they fix.
+6. For new features, consider adding an example usage of the feature to README.rst.
+    - Note that you don't need to add details of the new feature to CHANGELOG.rst as this is updated at the time of release.
+7. Submit your PR to the master branch.
+8. A maintainer should review your code within a week.
+    - If you haven't heard anything after two weeks, feel free to send a reminder or check-in message.
+
+
+### pre-commit
+
+The repository comes with a [pre-commit](https://pre-commit.com/) stack.
+This is a set of git hooks which are executed every time you make a commit.
+The hooks catch errors as they occur by checking your python code is valid and
+[flake8](https://gitlab.com/pycqa/flake8)-compliant, and will automatically
+adjust your code's formatting to conform to a standardized code style
+([black](https://github.com/psf/black)).
+
+To set up the pre-commit hooks, run the following code from within the repo directory:
+
+    # Install the developmental dependencies
+    pip install -r requirements-dev.txt
+    # Install the pre-commit hooks
+    pre-commit install
+
+Whenever you try to commit code which is flagged by the pre-commit
+hooks, the commit will *not happen*. Some of the pre-commit hooks
+(such as [black](https://github.com/psf/black),
+[isort](https://github.com/timothycrosley/isort)) will automatically
+modify your code to fix the issues. When this happens, you'll have to
+stage the changes made by the commit hooks and then try your commit
+again. Other pre-commit hooks will not modify your code and will just
+tell you about issues which you'll then have to manually fix.
+
+You can also manually run the pre-commit stack on all the files at any time:
+
+    pre-commit run --all-files
+
+To force a commit to go through without passing the pre-commit hooks use the `--no-verify` flag:
+
+    git commit --no-verify
+
+The pre-commit stack which comes with the template is highly
+opinionated, and includes the following operations:
+
+  - Code is reformatted to use the [black](https://github.com/psf/black)
+    style. Any code inside docstrings will be formatted to black using
+    [blackendocs](https://github.com/asottile/blacken-docs).
+  - Imports are automatically sorted using
+    [isort](https://github.com/timothycrosley/isort).
+  - [flake8](https://gitlab.com/pycqa/flake8) is run to check for
+    linting errors with [pyflakes](https://github.com/PyCQA/pyflakes)
+    (e.g. code does not compile or a variable is used before it is defined),
+    and for conformity to the python style guide
+    [PEP-8](https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0008/).
+  - Several [hooks from pre-commit](https://github.com/pre-commit/pre-commit-hooks)
+    are used to screen for non-language specific git issues, such as incomplete
+    git merges, or overly large files being commited to the repo, etc.
+  - Several [hooks from pre-commit specific to python](https://github.com/pre-commit/pygrep-hooks)
+    are used to screen for rST formatting issues, ensure noqa flags always
+    specify an error code to ignore, etc.
+
+Once it is set up, the pre-commit stack will run locally on every commit.
+The pre-commit stack will also run on github to ensure PRs are conformal.
+
+
+### Commit messages
+
+Commit messages should be clear and follow a few basic rules. Example:
+
+    ENH: Add <functionality-X> [to <dataset or method name>]
+
+    The first line of the commit message starts with a capitalized acronym
+    (options listed below) indicating what type of commit this is. Then a blank
+    line, then more text if needed. Lines shouldn't be longer than 72
+    characters. If the commit is related to a ticket, indicate that with
+    "See #123", "Closes #123" or similar.
+
+Describing the motivation for a change, the nature of a bug for bug fixes or
+some details on what an enhancement does are also good to include in a commit
+message. Messages should be understandable without looking at the code changes.
+Simple changes need only be one line long without extended description.
+A commit message like `MNT: Fixed another one` is an example of what not to do;
+the reader has to go look for context elsewhere to understand the message.
+
+Standard acronyms (commit tags) to start the commit message with are based on
+the [commit tags used by numpy](https://numpy.org/doc/2.2/dev/development_workflow.html#writing-the-commit-message)
+as follows:
+
+    API: an (incompatible) API change
+    BUG: bug fix
+    CI: continuous integration
+    DEP: deprecate something, or remove a deprecated object
+    DEV: development tool or utility
+    DOC: documentation
+    ENH: enhancement
+    MNT: maintenance commit (refactoring, typos, etc.)
+    REL: related to releasing bioscan-dataset
+    REV: revert an earlier commit
+    STY: style fix (whitespace, PEP8)
+    TST: addition or modification of tests
+    WIP: work in progress, do not merge