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This PR is the 3rd in the sequence of PRs introducing automatic data-management. (Following #235 and #237). This is the last one in the sequence

To Recap:

  1. PR Auto File Management Part 1: Introducing a Datafile Management Tool #235 introduced all of the logic for the grdata cli tool. The tool was only invocable through pygrackle (via python -m pygrackle <args>…). The tool was only useful for testing pygrackle testing
  2. PR Auto File Management Part 2: Allow Grackle to search for automatically managed data files #237 introduced logic to the core grackle library to make it possible to access files that are fetched and managed by the tool.

This PR:

  • adds logic to install this grdata cli tool as a standalone command line script (in a bin directory next to the include and lib directories of a grackle install)
  • I converted one of the code-examples to make use of automatic datafile management. I'm tempted to convert all of the examples (so that the examples can all be invoked from arbitrary directories), but I wanted feedback on this point before doing that
  • documents how to use the grdata cli tool. I ended up updating a bunch of existing documentation to make things more clear (among other things, I moved the description of the code-examples & how to run them to a new, dedicated page)

I also added documentation and integrated the tool into the testing
framework.
We plan to eventually install the grdata tool as a standalone command
line program. Essentially the build-system will perform some
substitutions (the CMake build system uses CMake's built-in
``configure_file`` command while the classic build system uses the
analogous ``configure_file.py`` script)

This commit introduces a few minor tweaks to grdata.py so that it can
more easily be consumed by the ``configure_file.py`` script.
- The ``configure_file.py`` script, itself, will ultimately require a
  few more tweaks so that it doesn't report occurences of python's
  decorator-syntax as errors
- However, this commit minimizes the number of required changes
Among other things, we started using picohash and using the functions in
os_utils.ch
The file registry is encoded in the autogenerated file_registry.h file
that is produced from file_registry.h.in.

To get this to work properly for the Makefile build-system, I needed to
add a new feature to ``configure_file.py``. In detail:

* ``configure_file.py`` already provided the option to replace a
  variable in a template file with multiple lines of content read from
  an external file. We assumed that this option would only be used for
  formatting multiline strings in printf statements. Consequently, the
  machinery would replace any new-line characters encountered in the
  external file with the "\n" escape-sequence used in C strings to
  represent a new-line.

* I added simply added the option to ``configure_file.py`` to do the
  same thing WITHOUT escaping new-line characters.
This commit makes the following changes to the CMake build system:
- it now creates the grdata executable and installs it
- it exports the program's location as a variable in grackle.pc
- it exposes the program's location through a custom CMake command
  (that custom CMake command will be revisited in future commits)
mabruzzo added a commit to mabruzzo/grackle that referenced this pull request Apr 15, 2025
Motivation
----------

At present, we provide several extremely useful resources for teaching
Grackle. But, I've long felt that there's initially something of a
learning curve. While all of the examples and the ["Interacting with
Grackle in Your Simulation Code"](https://grackle.readthedocs.io/en/latest/Interaction.html)
section are extremely rich, detailed, and informative, I always
feel like they may include a little **too much** information...

**Every** usage of Grackle, boils down to the following flow:

1. We have some data about parcels of gas & we want to know something
   about it (mostly how chemistry/cooling cause it to evolve)

2. We need to encode information about the gas and the physics we care
   about in a format that Grackle understands.[^1]

3. We package up the data about the gas parcels into a format that
   Grackle understands (the ``grackle_field_data`` struct).

4. We call the appropriate function.

Unfortunately, this flow is not very obvious from the existing resources
(i.e. there's just a little too much going on). But, once you understand
the flow ("the big picture"), I think our existing resources are extremely
useful.

Overview
--------

This patch tries to bridge this gap. I came up with the shortest and
simplest possible example. (I probably could save a line or 2 if I used
the global API, but that was a conscious choice). Then, I wrote a
tutorial to try to walk the reader through the example chunk by chunk.

To help annotate the example, I wrote a really simple sphinx extension.

Future Thoughts
---------------

Honestly, this is far from perfect, but I think its a good start. Some
thoughts for the future:

- It would be nice if Grackle could operate with CGS units. The tutorial
  could then gloss over a number of details.

  * Since we already use double-precision within Grackle, I think don't
    think there are any problems with doing this. But clearly, it needs
    to wait

  * I think it would also be nice for teaching the pygrackle bindings

- It would be better if the example were even shorter:

  * the `gr_fields` type proposed within grackle-project#271 will help

  * a number of my other "experimental APIs" will also help

  * in the 4.0 release, we may want to revisit the default values for
    the ``use_grackle`` and ``with_radiative_cooling`` parameters
    (the current defaults are pretty silly).

- if we merge in grackle-project#235, grackle-project#237, and grackle-project#246, then we could easily add a
  section describing how to try out the example without git commands
  (those PRs are essential for crafting a sample CMake configuration
  that can automatically install data-files)

[^1]: Of course, Grackle is designed to let callers avoid repeating step 2 over and over again.
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