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Oct 3, 2025
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schemaview.py - misc minor edits #463

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dd671bd
Misc edits: add in tests for get_element, edit typing, rename some va…
ialarmedalien Oct 2, 2025
ded2274
clarifying documentation, removing dupe line
ialarmedalien Oct 2, 2025
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100 changes: 54 additions & 46 deletions linkml_runtime/utils/schemaview.py
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Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
import uuid
import warnings
from collections import defaultdict, deque
from collections.abc import Mapping
from collections.abc import Callable, Mapping
from copy import copy, deepcopy
from dataclasses import dataclass
from enum import Enum
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -92,7 +92,13 @@ class OrderedBy(Enum):
"""


def _closure(f, x, reflexive: bool = True, depth_first: bool = True, **kwargs: dict[str, Any] | None) -> list: # noqa: ARG001
def _closure(
f: Callable,
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Adding this type annotation reformatted the whole line

x,
reflexive: bool = True,
depth_first: bool = True,
**kwargs: dict[str, Any] | None, # noqa: ARG001
) -> list[str | ElementName | ClassDefinitionName | EnumDefinitionName | SlotDefinitionName | TypeDefinitionName]:
rv = [x] if reflexive else []
visited = []
todo = [x]
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -686,7 +692,7 @@ def in_schema(self, element_name: ElementName) -> SchemaDefinitionName:
@lru_cache(None)
def element_by_schema_map(self) -> dict[ElementName, SchemaDefinitionName]:
ix = {}
schemas = self.all_schema(True)
schemas = self.all_schema(imports=True)
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just for clarity

for schema in schemas:
for type_key in SCHEMA_ELEMENTS:
for k in getattr(schema, type_key, {}):
Expand All @@ -697,7 +703,7 @@ def element_by_schema_map(self) -> dict[ElementName, SchemaDefinitionName]:
return ix

@lru_cache(None)
def get_class(self, class_name: CLASS_NAME, imports: bool = True, strict: bool = False) -> ClassDefinition:
def get_class(self, class_name: CLASS_NAME, imports: bool = True, strict: bool = False) -> ClassDefinition | None:
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These methods can all return None

"""Retrieve a class from the schema.

:param class_name: name of the class to be retrieved
Expand All @@ -713,7 +719,7 @@ def get_class(self, class_name: CLASS_NAME, imports: bool = True, strict: bool =
@lru_cache(None)
def get_slot(
self, slot_name: SLOT_NAME, imports: bool = True, attributes: bool = True, strict: bool = False
) -> SlotDefinition:
) -> SlotDefinition | None:
"""Retrieve a slot from the schema.

:param slot_name: name of the slot to be retrieved
Expand All @@ -738,7 +744,9 @@ def get_slot(
return slot

@lru_cache(None)
def get_subset(self, subset_name: SUBSET_NAME, imports: bool = True, strict: bool = False) -> SubsetDefinition:
def get_subset(
self, subset_name: SUBSET_NAME, imports: bool = True, strict: bool = False
) -> SubsetDefinition | None:
"""Retrieve a subset from the schema.

:param subset_name: name of the subsey to be retrieved
Expand All @@ -752,7 +760,7 @@ def get_subset(self, subset_name: SUBSET_NAME, imports: bool = True, strict: boo
return s

@lru_cache(None)
def get_enum(self, enum_name: ENUM_NAME, imports: bool = True, strict: bool = False) -> EnumDefinition:
def get_enum(self, enum_name: ENUM_NAME, imports: bool = True, strict: bool = False) -> EnumDefinition | None:
"""Retrieve an enum from the schema.

:param enum_name: name of the enum to be retrieved
Expand All @@ -766,7 +774,7 @@ def get_enum(self, enum_name: ENUM_NAME, imports: bool = True, strict: bool = Fa
return e

@lru_cache(None)
def get_type(self, type_name: TYPE_NAME, imports: bool = True, strict: bool = False) -> TypeDefinition:
def get_type(self, type_name: TYPE_NAME, imports: bool = True, strict: bool = False) -> TypeDefinition | None:
"""Retrieve a type from the schema.

:param type_name: name of the type to be retrieved
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -812,7 +820,7 @@ def enum_parents(
@lru_cache(None)
def permissible_value_parent(
self, permissible_value: str, enum_name: ENUM_NAME
) -> str | PermissibleValueText | None | ValueError:
) -> list[str | PermissibleValueText] | None:
""":param enum_name: child enum name
:param permissible_value: permissible value
:return: all direct parent enum names (is_a)
Expand All @@ -829,7 +837,7 @@ def permissible_value_parent(
@lru_cache(None)
def permissible_value_children(
self, permissible_value: str, enum_name: ENUM_NAME
) -> str | PermissibleValueText | None | ValueError:
) -> list[str | PermissibleValueText] | None:
""":param enum_name: parent enum name
:param permissible_value: permissible value
:return: all direct child permissible values (is_a)
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -1019,7 +1027,7 @@ def enum_ancestors(

@lru_cache(None)
def type_ancestors(
self, type_name: TYPES, imports: bool = True, reflexive: bool = True, depth_first: bool = True
self, type_name: TYPE_NAME, imports: bool = True, reflexive: bool = True, depth_first: bool = True
) -> list[TypeDefinitionName]:
"""Return all ancestors of a type via typeof.

Expand Down Expand Up @@ -1172,7 +1180,7 @@ def slot_is_true_for_metadata_property(self, slot_name: SlotDefinition, metadata
msg = 'property to introspect must be of type "boolean"'
raise ValueError(msg)

def get_element(self, element: ElementName | Element, imports: bool = True) -> Element:
def get_element(self, element: ElementName | Element | str, imports: bool = True) -> Element | None:
"""Fetch an element by name.

:param element: query element
Expand All @@ -1181,16 +1189,14 @@ def get_element(self, element: ElementName | Element, imports: bool = True) -> E
"""
if isinstance(element, Element):
return element
e = self.get_class(element, imports=imports)
if e is None:
e = self.get_slot(element, imports=imports)
if e is None:
e = self.get_type(element, imports=imports)
if e is None:
e = self.get_enum(element, imports=imports)
if e is None:
e = self.get_subset(element, imports=imports)
return e

return (
self.get_class(element, imports=imports)
or self.get_slot(element, imports=imports)
or self.get_type(element, imports=imports)
or self.get_enum(element, imports=imports)
or self.get_subset(element, imports=imports)
)

def get_uri(
self,
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -1700,22 +1706,20 @@ def is_inlined(self, slot: SlotDefinition, imports: bool = True) -> bool:
return True

id_slot = self.get_identifier_slot(slot_range, imports=imports)
if id_slot is None:
# must be inlined as has no identifier
return True
# not explicitly declared inline and has an identifier: assume is ref, not inlined
return False
# if slot_id is None, it must be inlined as has no identifier
# if slot_id is defined, it not explicitly declared inline and has an identifier: assume is ref, not inlined
return id_slot is None
return False

def slot_applicable_range_elements(self, slot: SlotDefinition) -> list[ClassDefinitionName]:
"""Retrieve all applicable metamodel elements for a slot range.

(metamodel class names returned: class_definition, enum_definition, type_definition)

Typically any given slot has exactly one range, and one metamodel element type,
but a proposed feature in LinkML 1.2 is range expressions, where ranges can be defined as unions
Typically any given slot has exactly one range, and one metamodel element type.
Starting at LinkML 1.2, ranges can be defined as unions of multiple types.
Comment on lines +1720 to +1721
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linkml 1.2 is in the far distant past now!


Additionally, if linkml:Any is a class_uri then this maps to the any element
Additionally, if linkml:Any is a class_uri then this maps to the "Any" element

:param slot:
:return: list of element types
Expand All @@ -1740,8 +1744,8 @@ def slot_applicable_range_elements(self, slot: SlotDefinition) -> list[ClassDefi
def slot_range_as_union(self, slot: SlotDefinition) -> list[ElementName]:
"""Retrieve all applicable ranges for a slot.

Typically, any given slot has exactly one range, and one metamodel element type,
but a proposed feature in LinkML 1.2 is range expressions, where ranges can be defined as unions
Typically, any given slot has exactly one range, and one metamodel element type.
LinkML 1.2 allows the use of range expressions, where ranges can be defined as unions.

:param slot:
:return: list of ranges
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -1832,24 +1836,28 @@ def usage_index(self) -> dict[ElementName, list[SchemaUsage]]:

:return: dictionary of SchemaUsages keyed by used elements
"""
roles = ["domain", "range", "any_of", "exactly_one_of", "none_of", "all_of"]
attrs = ["domain", "range", "any_of", "exactly_one_of", "none_of", "all_of"]
ix = defaultdict(list)
for cn, c in self.all_classes().items():
direct_slots = c.slots
for sn in self.class_slots(cn):
s = self.induced_slot(sn, cn)
for k in roles:
v = getattr(s, k)
vl = v if isinstance(v, list) else [v]
for x in vl:
if x is not None:
if isinstance(x, AnonymousSlotExpression):
x = x.range
k = f"{k}[range]"
k = k.split("[")[0] + "[range]" if "[range]" in k else k
u = SchemaUsage(used_by=cn, slot=sn, metaslot=k, used=x)
u.inferred = sn in direct_slots
ix[x].append(u)
slot = self.induced_slot(sn, cn)
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Renamed these variables whilst I was trying to work out how this method worked. Created a couple of new variables to prevent linter complaints about editing an iterator during looping.

for attr in attrs:
attr_value = getattr(slot, attr)
value_list = attr_value if isinstance(attr_value, list) else [attr_value]
for a_value in value_list:
if a_value is not None:
attr_name = attr
real_a_value = a_value
Comment on lines +1851 to +1852
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create new variables for these values rather than editing the loop iterator

if isinstance(a_value, AnonymousSlotExpression):
real_a_value = a_value.range
attr_name = f"{attr_name}[range]"
if "[range]" in attr_name:
attr_name = attr_name.split("[")[0] + "[range]"
attr_name = attr_name.split("[")[0] + "[range]" if "[range]" in attr_name else attr_name
usage = SchemaUsage(used_by=cn, slot=sn, metaslot=attr_name, used=real_a_value)
usage.inferred = sn in direct_slots
ix[real_a_value].append(usage)
return ix

# MUTATION OPERATIONS
Expand Down
12 changes: 12 additions & 0 deletions tests/test_utils/test_schemaview.py
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Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -901,6 +901,9 @@ def test_creature_schema_entities_with_without_imports(
for entity_name in CREATURE_EXPECTED[entity][src]:
e = getattr(creature_view, f"get_{entity}")(entity_name, imports=True)
assert e.from_schema == f"{CREATURE_SCHEMA_BASE_URL}/{src}"
# N.b. this may fail in schemas where there are different types
# of element with the same name
assert e == creature_view.get_element(entity_name)
Comment on lines +904 to +906
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add in tests of the get_element function



@pytest.mark.parametrize("entity", CREATURE_EXPECTED.keys())
Expand All @@ -914,12 +917,15 @@ def test_get_entities_with_without_imports(creature_view: SchemaView, entity: st
# if the source is the main schema, we can use the method directly
e = getattr(creature_view, get_fn)(entity_name, imports=False)
assert e.name == entity_name
assert e == creature_view.get_element(entity_name, imports=False)
# N.b. BUG: due to caching and how the `from_schema` element is generated,
# we cannot know whether it will be populated.
# assert e.from_schema is None
else:
# if the source is an imported schema, we expect None without imports
assert getattr(creature_view, get_fn)(entity_name, imports=False) is None
assert creature_view.get_element(entity_name, imports=False) is None

if entity != "element":
# in strict mode, we expect an error if the entity does not exist
with pytest.raises(ValueError, match=f'No such {entity}: "{entity_name}"'):
Expand All @@ -928,6 +934,7 @@ def test_get_entities_with_without_imports(creature_view: SchemaView, entity: st
# turn on imports
e = getattr(creature_view, f"get_{entity}")(entity_name, imports=True)
assert e.from_schema == f"{CREATURE_SCHEMA_BASE_URL}/{src}"
assert e == creature_view.get_element(entity_name, imports=True)


@pytest.mark.parametrize("entity", argvalues=[e for e in CREATURE_EXPECTED if e != "element"])
Expand All @@ -937,6 +944,7 @@ def test_get_entity_does_not_exist(creature_view: SchemaView, entity: str) -> No

# returns None unless the `strict` flag is passed
assert getattr(creature_view, get_fn)("does_not_exist") is None
assert creature_view.get_element("does_not_exist") is None

# raises an error with `strict` flag on
with pytest.raises(ValueError, match=f'No such {entity}: "does_not_exist"'):
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -1374,14 +1382,18 @@ def sv_range_riid_gen(request: pytest.FixtureRequest) -> tuple[SchemaView, tuple
{"RangeEnum", "RangeClass", "string"},
{CD, ED, TD},
],
# invalid - can't have both any_of and exactly_one_of
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some extra docs about these combinations

"any_of_and_exactly_one_of_range": [
"AnyOldRange",
{"AnyOldRange", "RangeEnum", "RangeClass", "string", "range_string"},
{"RangeEnum", "RangeClass", "string", "range_string"},
{CD, ED, TD},
],
# invalid: linkml:Any not specified
"invalid_any_range_no_linkml_any": [None, {"string", "range_string"}, set(), {TD}],
# invalid: RangeEnum instead of linkml:Any
"invalid_any_range_enum": ["RangeEnum", {"RangeEnum", "string", "range_string"}, {"RangeEnum"}, {ED, TD}],
# invalid: RangeClass instead of linkml:Any
"invalid_any_range_class": ["RangeClass", {"RangeClass", "string", "range_string"}, {"RangeClass"}, {CD, TD}],
}

Expand Down
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