OS Upgrades
TL;DR:
CentOS 6, CentOS 7, CentOS 8, CentOS Stream 8, RHEL 7, (and soon Oracle Linux 7), have all reached end-of-life and are no longer receiving security updates. LOCKSS 1.x users who wish to migrate to LOCKSS 2.x on the same host must upgrade to an actively-supported operating system in the RHEL 8 or RHEL 9 family, such as Rocky Linux 8 or 9, AlmaLinux OS 8 or 9, Oracle Linux 8 or 9, or RHEL 8 or 9.
Many LOCKSS 1.x users are running an operating system in the RHEL 7 family (largely CentOS 7, but also Oracle Linux 7 and RHEL 7), or other operating systems in the CentOS family (such as CentOS 6, CentOS 8, or CentOS Stream 8). These operating systems have all reached end-of-life and are no longer receiving security updates. (Oracle Linux 7 has a reprieve until December 2024, but should be included in this list of end-of-life operating systems.)
Migrating from LOCKSS 1.x to LOCKSS 2.x can be in done in one of two scenarios:
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Provisioning a new host for LOCKSS 2.x (recommended), which can then use almost any flavor of Linux, including actively-supported operating system in the RHEL 8 or RHEL 9 family, but also options new to the LOCKSS ecosystem such as Ubuntu, Debian, Fedora Linux, and more,
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Or co-installing LOCKSS 1.x and LOCKSS 2.x on the same host, which requires upgrading the operating system to an actively-supported operating system in the RHEL 8 or RHEL 9 family, such as Rocky Linux 8 or 9, AlmaLinux OS 8 or 9, Oracle Linux 8 or 9, or RHEL 8 or 9.
Upgrades paths out of CentOS 6, CentOS 7, CentOS 8, CentOS Stream 8, RHEL 7, and Oracle Linux 7, are presented in this flow chart:
We provide guidance for the seven tools represented above:
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Alma ELevate (orange arrows)
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Leapp for Oracle (yellow arrows)
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Leapp for RHEL (blue arrows)
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migrate2rocky (purple arrow)
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almalinux-deploy (magenta arrow)
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centos2ol (gray arrow)
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convert2RHEL (black arrow)
Alma ELevate is a tool that can be used to upgrade:
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From CentOS 6 to CentOS 7,
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From CentOS 7 to Rocky Linux 8 (and from Rocky Linux 8 to Rocky Linux 9),
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From CentOS 7 to AlmaLinux OS 8 (and from AlmaLinux OS 8 to AlmaLinux OS 9),
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From CentOS 7 to Oracle Linux OS 8,
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From CentOS 7 to EuroLinux 8 (and from EuroLinux 8 to EuroLinux 9).
Alma ELevate can also be used to upgrade from CentOS 7 to CentOS Stream 8, and then another process can be used to upgrade from CentOS Stream 8 to CentOS Stream 9, but this is not recommended. If you use Alma ELevate to upgrade from CentOS 7 to Oracle Linux OS 8, you will then need to use Leapp for Oracle to upgrade from Oracle Linux 8 to Oracle Linux 9.
The LOCKSS Community Wiki page Alma ELevate provides guidance for how to use this tool, and the LOCKSS support team stands ready to assist you with it.
Leapp for Oracle is a tool that can be used to upgrade from Oracle Linux 7 to Oracle Linux 8 (and from Oracle Linux 8 to Oracle Linux 9).
Leapp for RHEL is a tool that can be used to upgrade from RHEL 7 to RHEL 8 (and from RHEL 8 to RHEL 9).
migrate2rocky is a tool that can be used to upgrade from CentOS 8 or CentOS Stream 8 to Rocky Linux 8. You will then need to use Alma ELevate to upgrade from Rocky Linux 8 to Rocky Linux 9.
almalinux-deploy is a tool that can be used to upgrade from CentOS 8 or CentOS Stream 8 to AlmaLinux OS 8. You will then need to use Alma ELevate to upgrade from AlmaLinux OS 8 to AlmaLinux OS 9.
centos2ol is a tool that can be used to upgrade from CentOS 8 or CentOS Stream 8 to Oracle Linux 8. You will then need to use Leapp for Oracle to upgrade from Oracle Linux 8 to Oracle Linux 9.
convert2RHEL is a tool that can be used to upgrade from CentOS 8 or CentOS Stream 8 to RHEL 8. You will then need to use Leapp for RHEL to upgrade from from RHEL 8 to RHEL 9.