data-structures: add traversion and dict functions

Author: moiSentineL

data-structures.ipynb

@@ -383,7 +383,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "#### Overriding values\n",
+    "#### Overriding list values\n",
     "Alternatively, you can override elements by specifying an index like this:\n",
     "\n",
     "`list[index] = new value`"
@@ -693,6 +693,161 @@
     "\n",
     "print(sum(string_list)) # will return an error\n"
    ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Functions for Dictionaries\n",
+    "These functions are specific for dictionaries."
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "### keys and values\n",
+    "Using the `keys()` and `values()` functions, we can get *only* the keys or the values from a given dictionary. This essentially returns a list of those values."
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 14,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "dict_keys(['Werner', 'Niels', 'Enrico'])\n",
+      "dict_values(['Heisenberg', 'Bohr', 'Fermi'])\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "dict_test = {\n",
+    "    \"Werner\":\"Heisenberg\",\n",
+    "    \"Niels\":\"Bohr\",\n",
+    "    \"Enrico\":\"Fermi\"\n",
+    "}\n",
+    "\n",
+    "print(dict_test.keys())\n",
+    "print(dict_test.values())"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "### Overriding Dictionary Values\n",
+    "Similar to [lists](#overriding-list-values), one can override a value of a given key in a dict.\n",
+    "\n",
+    "`dict[\"key\"] = \"new value\"`"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 15,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "{'Werner': 'Heisenberg', 'Niels': 'Not so Bohr', 'Enrico': 'Fermi'}\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "dict_test[\"Niels\"] = \"Not so Bohr\"\n",
+    "\n",
+    "print(dict_test)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# Traversing a Data Structure\n",
+    "Traversing means \"going through\". \n",
+    "For data structures, we can traverse through the list and get all the values using **loops**."
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 4,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "cab\n",
+      "taxi\n",
+      "hocus pocus\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "list_trav = [\"cab\", \"taxi\", \"hocus pocus\"]\n",
+    "\n",
+    "for i in list_trav:\n",
+    "    print(i)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 5,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "1\n",
+      "3\n",
+      "4\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "tup_trav = (1, 3, 4)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "for i in tup_trav:\n",
+    "    print(i)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 12,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "grave\n",
+      "time\n",
+      "lol\n",
+      "yard\n",
+      "stamp\n",
+      "lmao\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "dict_trav = {\n",
+    "    \"grave\":\"yard\",\n",
+    "    \"time\":\"stamp\",\n",
+    "    \"lol\":\"lmao\"\n",
+    "}\n",
+    "\n",
+    "for i in dict_trav.keys(): # for only the keys, this is essentially a list\n",
+    "    print(i)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "for i in dict_trav.values(): # for only the values\n",
+    "    print(i)\n"
+   ]
   }
  ],
  "metadata": {