Tidy up paper tags

pmichaillat · pmichaillat · commit 0170979503b3 · 2025-06-14T18:42:23.000+01:00
diff --git a/content/courses/_index.md b/content/courses/_index.md
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 ---
 title: "Courses"
-author: "Pascal Michaillat"
+author: ["Pascal Michaillat"]
 description: "Undergraduate and graduate courses on business cycles, economic slack, unemployment, macroeconomics, and mathematical methods."
 cover:
     image: "/courses.png"
diff --git a/content/dashboard/index.md b/content/dashboard/index.md
@@ -338,7 +338,7 @@ The unemployment gap is not directly useful to compute optimal unemployment insu
 
 ## References
 
-1. Pascal Michaillat and Emmanuel Saez. 2024. "u* = √uv: The Full-Employment Rate of Unemployment in the United States." [*Brookings Papers on Economic Activity*](https://www.brookings.edu/articles/u-√uv-the-full-employment-rate-of-unemployment-in-the-united-states/) 55 (2).
+1. Pascal Michaillat and Emmanuel Saez. 2024. "u* = √uv: The Full-Employment Rate of Unemployment in the United States." [*Brookings Papers on Economic Activity*](https://www.brookings.edu/articles/u-√uv-the-full-employment-rate-of-unemployment-in-the-united-states/) 55 (2): 323–390.
     + This paper argues that the legal term "full employment" should be translated to "social efficiency" in the economics language.
     + The paper then obtains the formula for the US FERU: $u^\ast = \sqrt{uv}$. 
     + The formula implies that the economy is at full employment when there are as many job seekers as job vacancies; inefficiently tight when there are fewer job seekers than job vacancies; and inefficiently slack when there are more job seekers than job vacancies.
diff --git a/content/design/_index.md b/content/design/_index.md
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 ---
 title: "Design"
-author: "Pascal Michaillat"
+author: ["Pascal Michaillat"]
 description: "Minimalist design templates for academic papers, academic presentations, academic websites, and scientific figures. Built with LaTeX, Hugo, and MATLAB."
 cover:
     image: "/design.png"
diff --git a/content/location.md b/content/location.md
@@ -1,9 +1,8 @@
 ---
 title: "Location"
-date: 2024-07-02
 aliases:
     - /contact.html
-author: "Pascal Michaillat"
+author: ["Pascal Michaillat"]
 description: "Pascal Michaillat's office location and mailing address at the University of California, Santa Cruz."
 hidemeta: true
 
diff --git a/content/officehours.md b/content/officehours.md
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 title: "Office Hours"
 aliases:
     - /oh.html
-author: "Pascal Michaillat"
+author: ["Pascal Michaillat"]
 description: "Schedule and location of Prof. Michaillat's office hours at the University of California, Santa Cruz."
 hidemeta: true
 
diff --git a/content/papers/1.md b/content/papers/1.md
@@ -7,8 +7,9 @@ aliases:
     - /uploads/7/0/2/0/70200055/1.pdf
     - /uploads/7/0/2/0/70200055/1a.pdf
     - /uploads/7/0/2/0/70200055/1p.pdf
-tags: ["business cycles", "DMP model", "frictional unemployment", "job rationing", "matching model", "unemployment", "Shimer puzzle", "wage rigidity"]
-author: "Pascal Michaillat"
+    - /tags/frictional-unemployment/
+tags: ["business cycles", "job rationing", "matching model", "Shimer puzzle", "unemployment", "wage rigidity"]
+author: ["Pascal Michaillat"]
 description: "This paper proposes a matching model of the labor market with job rationing: unemployment persists even without matching frictions. Published in AER, 2012." 
 summary: "This paper proposes a matching model of the labor market with job rationing: unemployment does not disappear in the absence of matching frictions. In recessions, job rationing drives the rise of unemployment, whereas matching frictions contribute little to it." 
 cover:
diff --git a/content/papers/10.md b/content/papers/10.md
@@ -6,9 +6,15 @@ aliases:
     - /10.html
     - /uploads/7/0/2/0/70200055/10.pdf
     - /uploads/7/0/2/0/70200055/10a.pdf
-    - /tags/social-psychology/
     - /tags/power/
-tags: ["beetles", "homophily", "Kuhnian model", "metascience", "scientific revolutions", "scientific progress", "tenure", "Youden index"]
+    - /tags/beetles/
+    - /tags/homophily/
+    - /tags/kuhnian-model/
+    - /tags/scientific-revolutions/
+    - /tags/scientific-progress/
+    - /tags/tenure/
+    - /tags/youden-index/
+tags: ["metascience", "social psychology"]
 author: ["George Akerlof","Pascal Michaillat"]
 description: "This paper develops a model of science. Due to homophily in promotions, false paradigms may persist when a science has low power. Published in PNAS, 2018." 
 summary: "This paper develops a model of science. It shows that due to homophily in tenure decisions, false paradigms may persist when a science has low power. Low power may come from a lack of evidence, or from a reluctance to base tenure decisions on available evidence." 
diff --git a/content/papers/11.md b/content/papers/11.md
@@ -8,10 +8,10 @@ aliases:
     - /uploads/7/0/2/0/70200055/11p.pdf
     - /uploads/7/0/2/0/70200055/11a.pdf
     - /tags/multiplier-puzzle/
-tags: ["discounted Euler equation", "fiscal multiplier", "forward guidance", "New Keynesian model", "phase diagrams", "Taylor principle", "wealth in the utility", "WUNK model", "zero lower bound"]
+tags: ["fiscal policy", "monetary policy", "New Keynesian model",  "social psychology", "wealth in the utility", "zero lower bound"]
 author: ["Pascal Michaillat","Emmanuel Saez"]
 description: "This paper resolves the New Keynesian model's anomalies at the zero lower bound by introducing wealth in the utility function. Published in REStat, 2021."
-summary: "This paper resolves the anomalies of the New Keynesian model at the zero lower bound—explosive recession, forward-guidance puzzle, multiplier puzzle—by introducing wealth into the utility function."
+summary: "This paper resolves the anomalies of the New Keynesian model at the zero lower bound—explosive recessions, forward-guidance puzzle, fiscal-multiplier puzzle—by introducing wealth into the utility function."
 cover:
     image: "/11s.png"
     alt: "Phase diagram of WUNK model at zero lower bound"
diff --git a/content/papers/12.md b/content/papers/12.md
@@ -7,7 +7,12 @@ aliases:
     - /uploads/7/0/2/0/70200055/12.pdf
     - /uploads/7/0/2/0/70200055/12p.pdf
     - /tags/significance/
-tags: ["Bonferroni correction", "hypothesis testing", "incentives", "metascience", "optimal stopping", "p-hacking", "publication bias", "statistical significance", "type 1 error"]
+    - /tags/optimal stopping
+    - /tags/p-hacking/
+    - /tags/publication-bias/
+    - /tags/statistical-significance/
+    - /tags/type-1-error/
+tags: ["metascience"]
 author: ["Adam McCloskey","Pascal Michaillat"]
 description: "This paper builds a model of hypothesis testing with p-hacking and gives critical values that are robust to by p-hacking. Published in REStat, 2024." 
 Summary: "This paper builds a model of hypothesis testing with p-hacking and gives critical values that correct the inflated type 1 error rate caused by p-hacking. As a rule of thumb, such robust critical values are classical critical values with one fifth of the significance level."
diff --git a/content/papers/13.md b/content/papers/13.md
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ aliases:
     - /tags/vacancies/
     - /tags/efficiency/
     - /tags/inefficiency/
-tags: ["Beveridge curve", "business cycles", "efficient unemployment", "FERU", "job vacancies", "labor market tightness", "monetary policy", "NAIRU", "unemployment gap"]
+tags: ["Beveridge curve", "business cycles", "efficient unemployment", "job vacancies", "market tightness", "monetary policy", "NAIRU", "nowcasting", "unemployment gap"]
 author: ["Pascal Michaillat","Emmanuel Saez"]
 description: "This paper finds that the US full-employment rate of unemployment is the geometric average of the unemployment and vacancy rates. Published in BPEA, 2024." 
 summary: "This paper finds that in the United States the full-employment rate of unemployment (FERU) is the geometric average of the unemployment and vacancy rates. Between 1930 and 2024, the FERU averages 4.1% and is very stable."
diff --git a/content/papers/14.md b/content/papers/14.md
@@ -4,7 +4,11 @@ date: 2024-12-10
 url: /14/
 aliases:
     - /tags/immigration/
-tags: ["Borjas-Card controversy", "business cycles", "immigration policy", "job rationing", "job stealing", "matching model", "nonlinearity", "politics", "unemployment", "wage rigidity"]
+    - /tags/borjas-card-controversy/
+    - /tags/immigration-policy/
+    - /tags/job-stealing/
+    - /tags/politics/
+tags: ["business cycles", "job rationing", "matching model", "nonlinearity", "unemployment", "wage rigidity"]
 author: ["Pascal Michaillat"]
 description: "This paper explains why a wave of in-migration reduces the employment rate of local workers, and why this reduction is larger in bad times." 
 summary: "This paper explains why a wave of in-migration reduces the employment rate of local workers, and why this reduction is larger in bad times. Yet, when the labor market is inefficiently tight, in-migration improves local welfare because it aids  firms in recruiting."
diff --git a/content/papers/15.md b/content/papers/15.md
@@ -2,7 +2,11 @@
 title: "Beveridgean Phillips Curve" 
 date: 2024-10-25
 url: /15/
-tags: ["Beveridge curve", "business cycles", "directed search", "divine coincidence", "economic slack", "kinked Phillips curve", "matching model", "monetary policy", "phase diagrams", "price rigidity", "unemployment gap", "wealth in the utility"]
+aliases:
+    - /tags/directed-search/
+    - /tags/divine-coincidence/
+    - /tags/inefficiency/
+tags: ["Beveridge curve", "business cycles", "economic slack", "Phillips curve", "matching model", "monetary policy", "price rigidity", "unemployment gap", "wealth in the utility"]
 author: ["Pascal Michaillat","Emmanuel Saez"]
 description: "This paper builds a Beveridgean model of the Phillips curve. Prices respond to slack so the divine coincidence holds: prices are stable at full employment." 
 summary: "This paper builds a Beveridgean model of the Phillips curve. Prices respond to slack so the divine coincidence holds: prices are stable at full employment. The Phillips curve is kinked if wage cuts are more costly to producers than price hikes." 
diff --git a/content/papers/16.md b/content/papers/16.md
@@ -2,7 +2,11 @@
 title: "Has the Recession Started?" 
 date: 2025-05-09
 url: /16/
-tags: ["Beveridge curve", "business cycles", "job vacancies", "Michez rule", "nowcasting", "recession indicator", "recession probability", "recession threshold", "Sahm rule"]
+aliases:
+    - /tags/sahm-rule/
+    - /tags/recession-threshold/
+    - /tags/recession-indicator/
+tags: ["Beveridge curve", "business cycles", "job vacancies", "nowcasting", "recession probability"]
 author: ["Pascal Michaillat","Emmanuel Saez"]
 description: "This paper builds the Michez rule, a fast and robust method to detect US recessions from data on unemployment and job vacancies. Published in OBES, 2025."
 summary: "This paper develops the Michez rule, a fast and robust method to detect US recessions using data on unemployment and job vacancies. In December 2024, the rule gives a recession probability of 27%; this recession risk was first detected in March 2024."
diff --git a/content/papers/17.md b/content/papers/17.md
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 title: "Early and Accurate Recession Detection Using Classifiers on the Anticipation-Precision Frontier" 
 date: 2025-06-11
 url: /17/
-tags: ["backtesting", "Beveridge curve", "business cycles", "classifier ensemble", "job vacancies", "nowcasting", "perfect classifiers", "recession probability"]
+tags: ["Beveridge curve", "business cycles", "job vacancies", "nowcasting", "recession probability"]
 author: ["Pascal Michaillat"]
 description: "This paper detects US recessions in real time from unemployment and vacancy data by combining perfect classifiers on the anticipation-precision frontier."
 summary: "This paper develops a method for detecting US recessions in real time using unemployment and vacancy data. The method combines perfect recession classifiers on the anticipation-precision frontier. Backtesting confirms that recessions are detected early and accurately."
diff --git a/content/papers/2.md b/content/papers/2.md
@@ -7,8 +7,11 @@ aliases:
     - /uploads/7/0/2/0/70200055/2.pdf
     - /uploads/7/0/2/0/70200055/2p.pdf
     - /tags/multiplier/
-tags: ["business cycles", "crowding out", "fiscal multiplier", "job rationing", "matching model", "New Keynesian model", "nonlinearity", "public employment", "unemployment"]
-author: "Pascal Michaillat"
+    - /tags/fiscal-multiplier/
+    - /tags/public-employment/
+    - /tags/crowding-out/
+tags: ["business cycles", "fiscal policy", "job rationing", "matching model", "New Keynesian model", "nonlinearity", "unemployment"]
+author: ["Pascal Michaillat"]
 description: "This paper develops a New Keynesian model in which the government multiplier doubles when unemployment rises from 5% to 8%. Published in AEJ Macro, 2014." 
 summary: "This paper develops a New Keynesian model in which the government multiplier doubles when the unemployment rate rises from 5% to 8%. The multiplier is so countercyclical because in bad times, on the labor market, job rationing dwarfs matching frictions." 
 cover:
diff --git a/content/papers/3.md b/content/papers/3.md
@@ -9,7 +9,9 @@ aliases:
     - /uploads/7/0/2/0/70200055/3p.pdf
     - /tags/tightness/
     - /tags/demand-shocks/
-tags: ["Barro-Grossman model", "business cycles", "economic slack", "idle capacity", "Keynesian unemployment", "labor market tightness", "matching model", "price rigidity", "product market tightness", "wage rigidity"]
+    - /tags/barro-grossman-model/
+    - /tags/idle-capacity/
+tags: ["business cycles", "economic slack", "Keynesian unemployment", "matching model",  "market tightness", "price rigidity", "wage rigidity"]
 author: ["Pascal Michaillat","Emmanuel Saez"]
 description: "This paper develops a model of unemployment fluctuations in which the labor and product markets have a matching structure. Published in QJE, 2015." 
 summary: "This paper develops a model of unemployment fluctuations. The innovation is to represent the labor and product markets with a matching structure. The model simultaneously features Keynesian unemployment, classical unemployment, and frictional unemployment." 
diff --git a/content/papers/4.md b/content/papers/4.md
@@ -6,7 +6,11 @@ aliases:
     - /4.html
     - /uploads/7/0/2/0/70200055/4.pdf
     - /uploads/7/0/2/0/70200055/4p.pdf
-tags: ["Baily-Chetty formula", "fiscal policy", "job creation", "job rationing", "job search", "labor market tightness", "matching model", "moral hazard", "rat race", "sufficient statistics", "unemployment"]
+    - /tags/moral-hazard/
+    - /tags/job-search/
+    - /tags/rate-race/
+    - /tags/job-creation/
+tags: ["business cycles", "fiscal policy", "job rationing", "matching model", "market tightness", "sufficient statistics", "unemployment", "unemployment insurance", "wage rigidity"]
 author: ["Camille Landais","Pascal Michaillat","Emmanuel Saez"]
 description: "This paper develops a theory of optimal unemployment insurance in matching models. Published in AEJ Policy, 2018." 
 summary: "This paper develops a theory of optimal unemployment insurance in matching models. It derives a sufficient-statistic formula for optimal unemployment insurance, which is useful to determine the optimal cyclicality of unemployment insurance." 
diff --git a/content/papers/5.md b/content/papers/5.md
@@ -7,9 +7,11 @@ aliases:
     - /uploads/7/0/2/0/70200055/5.pdf
     - /uploads/7/0/2/0/70200055/5a.pdf  
     - /tags/macroelasticity-of-unemployment/
-    - /tags/microelasticity-of-unemployment/
-    - /tags/market-tightness/
-tags: ["business cycles", "fiscal policy", "job rationing", "macroelasticity", "matching model", "microelasticity", "nonlinearity", "UI extensions", "wage rigidity", "tightness gap"]
+    - /tags/microelasticity-of-unemployment
+    - /tags/macroelasticity/
+    - /tags/microelasticity/
+    - /tags/ui-extensions/
+tags: ["business cycles", "fiscal policy", "job rationing", "matching model", "market tightness", "nonlinearity", "unemployment insurance", "wage rigidity"]
 author: ["Camille Landais","Pascal Michaillat","Emmanuel Saez"]
 description: "This paper studies how the generosity of unemployment insurance should vary over the business cycle in the United States. Published in AEJ Policy, 2018." 
 summary: "This paper explores how the optimal generosity of unemployment insurance varies over the business cycle in the United States. It finds that the optimal replacement rate is countercyclical, just like the actual replacement rate." 
diff --git a/content/papers/6.md b/content/papers/6.md
@@ -8,10 +8,12 @@ aliases:
     - /uploads/7/0/2/0/70200055/6a.pdf
     - /uploads/7/0/2/0/70200055/6p.pdf 
     - /tags/stimulus-spending/
+    - /tags/stimulus-package/
     - /tags/business-cycle/
     - /tags/state-dependence/
     - /tags/stabilization-policy/
-tags: ["business cycles", "fiscal multiplier", "fiscal policy", "matching model", "nonlinearity", "Samuelson rule", "stimulus package", "sufficient statistics", "unemployment gap"]
+    - /tags/samuelson-rule/
+tags: ["business cycles", "fiscal policy", "matching model", "nonlinearity", "sufficient statistics", "unemployment gap"]
 author: ["Pascal Michaillat","Emmanuel Saez"]
 description: "This paper shows that public expenditure should deviate from the Samuelson rule to reduce the unemployment gap, when it exists. Published in REStud, 2019." 
 summary: "This paper shows that when unemployment is inefficient, optimal public expenditure deviates from the Samuelson rule to reduce the unemployment gap. Optimal stimulus spending depends on the unemployment gap, unemployment multiplier, and an elasticity of substitution." 
diff --git a/content/papers/7.md b/content/papers/7.md
@@ -7,7 +7,8 @@ aliases:
     - /uploads/7/0/2/0/70200055/7.pdf
     - /uploads/7/0/2/0/70200055/7p.pdf
     - /tags/monetary-multiplier/
-tags: ["business cycles", "economic slack", "Keynesian unemployment", "matching model", "monetary policy", "sufficient statistics", "unemployment gap", "wealth in the utility", "wealth tax", "zero lower bound"]
+    - /tags/wealth-tax/
+tags: ["business cycles", "economic slack", "fiscal policy", "Keynesian unemployment", "matching model", "market tightness", "monetary policy", "sufficient statistics", "unemployment gap", "wealth in the utility", "zero lower bound"]
 author: ["Pascal Michaillat","Emmanuel Saez"]
 description: "This paper develops a policy-oriented business-cycle model with fluctuating unemployment and long zero-lower-bound episodes. Published in OEP, 2022." 
 summary: "This paper develops a policy-oriented business-cycle model with fluctuating unemployment and long zero-lower-bound episodes. The innovations are that producers and consumers meet through a matching function, and wealth enters the utility function." 
diff --git a/content/papers/8.md b/content/papers/8.md
@@ -10,7 +10,13 @@ aliases:
     - /tags/fairness/
     - /tags/cost-passthrough/
     - /tags/markups/
-tags: ["corporate greed", "fair markups", "fair prices", "hybrid Phillips curve", "inflation aversion", "misinference", "monopoly pricing", "New Keynesian model", "price rigidity"]
+     - /tags/corporate-greed/
+     - /tags/fair-markups/
+     - /tags/fair-prices/
+     - /tags/hybrid-phillips-curve/
+     - /tags/misinference/
+     - /tags/monopoly-pricing/
+tags: ["inflation aversion", "New Keynesian model", "Phillips curve", "price rigidity", "social psychology"]
 author: ["Erik Eyster","Kristof Madarasz","Pascal Michaillat"]
 description: "To explain price rigidity, this paper develops a model in which buyers care about the fairness of markups but cannot observe them. Published in JEEA, 2021." 
 summary: "This paper develops a model of pricing in which buyers care about the fairness of markups but misinfer them from prices. The model yields price rigidity, generates realistic Phillips curves, and explains why people dislike inflation so much." 
diff --git a/content/papers/9.md b/content/papers/9.md
@@ -7,7 +7,9 @@ aliases:
     - /uploads/7/0/2/0/70200055/9.pdf
     - /uploads/7/0/2/0/70200055/9a.pdf
     - /uploads/7/0/2/0/70200055/9p.pdf
-tags: ["Beveridge curve", "business cycles", "DMP model", "efficient unemployment", "Hagedorn-Manovskii calibration",  "Hosios condition", "sufficient statistics", "tightness gap", "unemployment gap"]
+    - /tags/hagedorn-manovskii-calibration/
+    - /tags/dmp-model/
+tags: ["Beveridge curve", "business cycles", "efficient unemployment",  "Hosios condition", "market tightness", "sufficient statistics", "unemployment gap"]
 author: ["Pascal Michaillat","Emmanuel Saez"]
 description: "This paper develops a formula for the unemployment gap based on the Beveridge curve. In the US the gap is countercyclical. Published in JPubE Plus, 2021."
 summary: "This paper develops a sufficient-statistic formula for the unemployment gap. The formula depends on the elasticity of the Beveridge curve, cost of unemployment, and recruiting cost. In the United States the unemployment gap is countercyclical and often positive." 
diff --git a/content/papers/_index.md b/content/papers/_index.md
@@ -2,9 +2,7 @@
 title: "Papers"
 aliases: 
     - /archive/
-    - /tags/false-positives/
-    - /tags/recessions/
-author: "Pascal Michaillat"
+author: ["Pascal Michaillat"]
 description: "Research papers on unemployment, economic slack, business cycles, monetary policy, fiscal policy, and metascience."
 cover:
     image: "/papers.png"
diff --git a/content/tags/_index.md b/content/tags/_index.md
