Clarify

jinningwang · jinningwang · commit fc2cf12dab48 · 2025-06-20T03:14:16.000-04:00
diff --git a/_wiki/automatic-generation-control.md b/_wiki/automatic-generation-control.md
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 ---
 layout: distill
 title: Automatic Generation Control
-description: AGC. Automatic regulation of the power output of generators
+description: AGC. Automatic regulation of the power output of generators.
 tags: frequency, generation, FERC
 bibliography: papers.bib
 authors:
diff --git a/_wiki/balancing-authority-area.md b/_wiki/balancing-authority-area.md
@@ -1,19 +1,18 @@
 ---
 layout: distill
 title: Balancing Authority Area
-description: Some geographical concepts in power systems
+description: The collection of generation, transmission, and loads within the metered boundaries of the Balancing Authority.
 tags: geography
 bibliography: papers.bib
 authors:
   - name: Jinning Wang
     url: https://jinningwang.github.io
 date: 2025-03-15
-last_update: 2025-05-07
+last_update: 2025-06-20
 ---
 
 ### Definition by NERC
 
 Source: <d-cite key="nerc2024glossary"></d-cite>
 
-The collection of generation, transmission, and loads within the metered boundaries of the [Balancing Authority](/wiki/balancing-authority).
-The Balancing Authority maintains load-resource balance within this area.
+> The collection of generation, transmission, and loads within the metered boundaries of the [Balancing Authority](/wiki/balancing-authority). The Balancing Authority maintains load-resource balance within this area.
diff --git a/_wiki/black-start.md b/_wiki/black-start.md
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 ---
 layout: distill
-title: black-start
+title: Black Start
 description: Establishing the voltage from around zero
 tags: operation
 bibliography: papers.bib
diff --git a/_wiki/cascading-outage.md b/_wiki/cascading-outage.md
@@ -1,14 +1,14 @@
 ---
 layout: distill
 title: Cascading Outage
-description: A sequence of events in which an initial disturbance triggers dependent component outages
+description: A sequence of events in which an initial disturbance triggers dependent component outages.
 tags: event, IEEE
 bibliography: papers.bib
 authors:
   - name: Jinning Wang
     url: https://jinningwang.github.io
 date: 2025-06-17
-last_update: 2025-06-19
+last_update: 2025-06-20
 ---
 
 ### Definition by an IEEE Working Group
diff --git a/_wiki/cascading.md b/_wiki/cascading.md
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 ---
 layout: distill
 title: Cascading
-description: The uncontrolled successive loss of System Elements triggered by an incident
+description: The uncontrolled successive loss of System Elements triggered by an incident.
 tags: event, NERC
 bibliography: papers.bib
 authors:
diff --git a/_wiki/common-format-for-event-data-exchange.md b/_wiki/common-format-for-event-data-exchange.md
@@ -1,14 +1,14 @@
 ---
 layout: distill
 title: Common Format for Event Data Exchange
-description: COMFEDE
+description: COMFEDE. Inactive.
 tags: data-format
 bibliography: papers.bib
 authors:
   - name: Jinning Wang
     url: https://jinningwang.github.io
 date: 2025-06-17
-last_update: 2025-06-19
+last_update: 2025-06-20
 ---
 
 ### Definition in an IEEE Standard
diff --git a/_wiki/common-format-for-transient-data-exchange.md b/_wiki/common-format-for-transient-data-exchange.md
@@ -1,14 +1,14 @@
 ---
 layout: distill
 title: Common Format for Transient Data Exchange
-description: COMTRADE.
+description: COMTRADE. Inactive.
 tags: data-format
 bibliography: papers.bib
 authors:
   - name: Jinning Wang
     url: https://jinningwang.github.io
 date: 2025-03-15
-last_update: 2025-06-19
+last_update: 2025-06-20
 ---
 
 ### Definition in an IEEE Standard
diff --git a/_wiki/common-grid-model-exchange-standard.md b/_wiki/common-grid-model-exchange-standard.md
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 ---
 layout: distill
 title: Common Grid Model Exchange Standard
-description: CGMES
+description: CGMES.
 tags: data-format
 bibliography: papers.bib
 authors:
diff --git a/_wiki/compliance-factor.md b/_wiki/compliance-factor.md
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 ---
 layout: distill
 title: Compliance Factor
-description: CF
+description: CF.
 tags: frequency, interconnection
 bibliography: papers.bib
 authors:
diff --git a/_wiki/control-performance-standard-1.md b/_wiki/control-performance-standard-1.md
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 ---
 layout: distill
 title: Control Performance Standard 1
-description: CPS1. A standard that measures impact on frequency error
+description: CPS1. A standard that measures impact on frequency error.
 tags: frequency, interconnection
 bibliography: papers.bib
 authors:
diff --git a/_wiki/control-performance-standard-2.md b/_wiki/control-performance-standard-2.md
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 ---
 layout: distill
 title: Control Performance Standard 2
-description: CPS2. A standard intended to limit unscheduled flows
+description: CPS2. A standard intended to limit unscheduled flows.
 tags: frequency
 bibliography: papers.bib
 authors:
diff --git a/_wiki/converter-driven-stability.md b/_wiki/converter-driven-stability.md
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 ---
 layout: distill
 title: Converter-Driven Stability
-description: Converter-interfaced generation's impact on stability
+description: Converter-interfaced generation's impact on stability.
 tags: stability
 bibliography: papers.bib
 authors:
diff --git a/_wiki/distributed-energy-resources.md b/_wiki/distributed-energy-resources.md
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 ---
 layout: distill
 title: Distributed Energy Resources
-description: DER
+description: DER. A source of electric power that is not directly connected to a bulk power system.
 tags: generation, IEEE
 bibliography: papers.bib
 authors:
diff --git a/_wiki/disturbance.md b/_wiki/disturbance.md
@@ -1,14 +1,14 @@
 ---
 layout: distill
 title: Disturbance
-description: Any perturbation or sudden loss of generation or interruption of load
+description: Any perturbation or sudden loss of generation or interruption of load.
 tags: event
 bibliography: papers.bib
 authors:
   - name: Jinning Wang
     url: https://jinningwang.github.io
 date: 2025-03-15
-last_update: 2025-06-18
+last_update: 2025-06-20
 ---
 
 ### Definition by NERC
diff --git a/_wiki/emergency-rating.md b/_wiki/emergency-rating.md
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 ---
 layout: distill
 title: Emergency Rating
-description:
+description: A transmission facility rating that reflects operation for a specified, finite period.
 tags: ISO, MISO
 bibliography: papers.bib
 authors:
diff --git a/_wiki/energy-market.md b/_wiki/energy-market.md
diff --git a/_wiki/equal-area-criterion.md b/_wiki/equal-area-criterion.md
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 ---
 layout: distill
 title: Equal Area Criterion
-description: EAC and EEAC. A method to determine the stability.
+description: To determine the maximum permissible increase in mechanical power input for system stability.
 tags: transient-stability
 bibliography: papers.bib
 authors:
diff --git a/_wiki/extended-equal-area-criterion.md b/_wiki/extended-equal-area-criterion.md
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 ---
 layout: distill
 title: Extended Equal Area Criterion
-description: EEAC
+description: Extend EAC to multi-machine systems.
 tags: transient-stability
 bibliography: papers.bib
 authors:
diff --git a/_wiki/flexibility-reserve.md b/_wiki/flexibility-reserve.md
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 ---
 layout: distill
 title: Flexibility Reserve
-description: Addressing variability and uncertainty on longer timescales than operating reserves and regulation service
+description: Addressing variability and uncertainty on longer timescales than operating reserves and regulation service.
 tags: flexibility, ISO, NYISO
 bibliography: papers.bib
 authors:
diff --git a/_wiki/generation-shift-factor.md b/_wiki/generation-shift-factor.md
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 ---
 layout: distill
 title: Generation Shift Factor
-description: GSF
+description: GSF.
 tags: sensitivity
 bibliography: papers.bib
 authors:
diff --git a/_wiki/inverter-based-resources.md b/_wiki/inverter-based-resources.md
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 ---
 layout: distill
 title: Inverter-based Resources
-description: IBR
+description: IBR. BPS-connected resources that have a power electronic interface.
 tags: generation
 bibliography: papers.bib
 authors:
diff --git a/_wiki/line-outage-distribution-factor.md b/_wiki/line-outage-distribution-factor.md
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 ---
 layout: distill
 title: Line Outage Distribution Factor
-description: LODF
+description: LODF.
 tags: sensitivity
 bibliography: papers.bib
 authors:
diff --git a/_wiki/loss-of-load-probability.md b/_wiki/loss-of-load-probability.md
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 ---
 layout: distill
 title: Loss-of-Load Probability
-description: LOLP
+description: LOLP.
 tags: adequacy
 bibliography: papers.bib
 authors:
diff --git a/_wiki/market-power.md b/_wiki/market-power.md
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 ---
 layout: distill
 title: Market Power
-description:
+description: The ability to control or affect price.
 tags: market
 bibliography: papers.bib
 authors:
diff --git a/_wiki/market-structure.md b/_wiki/market-structure.md
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 ---
 layout: distill
 title: Market Structure
-description:
+description: The rules, mechanisms, and processes under which a market operates.
 tags: market
 bibliography: papers.bib
 authors:
diff --git a/_wiki/market-unit.md b/_wiki/market-unit.md
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 ---
 layout: distill
 title: Market Unit
-description:
+description: The unit sets the price of next increment or decrement of energy.
 tags: market
 bibliography: papers.bib
 authors:
diff --git a/_wiki/market.md b/_wiki/market.md
@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 ---
 layout: distill
 title: Market
-description:
-tags: market
+description: A venue where participants buy and sell products or services.
+tags: market, NYISO, ISO, PJM
 bibliography: papers.bib
 authors:
   - name: Jinning Wang
@@ -28,3 +28,11 @@ Source: <d-cite key="nyiso2024clean"></d-cite>
 > 1. The **Capacity Market** secures commitments from supply resources to be available to meet seasonal resource adequacy requirements.
 > 2. The **Energy Market** secures electricity production to meet demand in real-time.
 > 3. The **Ancillary Market** secures flexibility services from suppliers to maintain balance in response to changing conditions on the electrical grid.
+
+### Definition by PJM
+
+Source: <d-cite key="pjm2024m11"></d-cite> p17, Revision 133
+
+> The PJM Energy Markets consists of two markets, a Day-ahead Market and a Real-time Balancing Market. In general, both markets follow a two-step process to perform dispatch and pricing of the system. First, security-constrained economic dispatch of the system is performed, referred to as the dispatch run. Second, the calculation of Locational Marginal Prices is performed separately and subsequent to the dispatch run, referred to as the pricing run. The objective of both the dispatch run and the pricing run is to serve load and meet reserve requirements at the least cost while evaluating the same transmission constraints.
+>
+> In the pricing run, however, Integer Relaxation is performed to allow Eligible Fast-Start Resources that are online in the dispatch run, to set price as well as to incorporate their associated commitment costs. Integer Relaxation allows Eligible Fast-Start Resources that generally do not have wide dispatchable ranges to be fully dispatchable between zero and their Economic Maximum. Resources cannot be committed in the pricing run if they were not committed in the dispatch run. This in turn allows the optimization problem in the pricing run to use a fraction of a committed Eligible Fast-Start Resource’s output, including an amount less than the resource’s offered economic minimum output, in the determination of Locational Marginal Prices.
diff --git a/_wiki/multi-criteria-decision-analysis-based-metrics.md b/_wiki/multi-criteria-decision-analysis-based-metrics.md
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 ---
 layout: distill
 title: Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis-Based Metrics
-description: (MCDA)-Based Metrics
+description: (MCDA)-Based Metrics.
 tags: resilience, index, IEEE
 bibliography: papers.bib
 authors:
diff --git a/_wiki/non-storm-resilience-metric.md b/_wiki/non-storm-resilience-metric.md
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 ---
 layout: distill
 title: Non-Storm Resilience Metric
-description:
+description: A metric focuses on robustness and the ability to withstand events.
 tags: resilience, index, IEEE
 bibliography: papers.bib
 authors:
diff --git a/_wiki/outage-transfer-distribution-factor.md b/_wiki/outage-transfer-distribution-factor.md
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 ---
 layout: distill
 title: Outage Transfer Distribution Factor
-description: OTDF
+description: OTDF.
 tags: sensitivity
 bibliography: papers.bib
 authors:
diff --git a/_wiki/performance-based-metrics.md b/_wiki/performance-based-metrics.md
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 ---
 layout: distill
 title: Performance-Based Metrics
-description: A.k.a. consequence-based metrics
+description: A.k.a. consequence-based metrics. Quantitative approaches for assessing system resilience.
 tags: resilience, index, IEEE, FERC
 bibliography: papers.bib
 authors:
diff --git a/_wiki/power-transfer-distribution-factor.md b/_wiki/power-transfer-distribution-factor.md
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 ---
 layout: distill
 title: Power Transfer Distribution Factor
-description: PTDF
+description: PTDF.
 tags: sensitivity
 bibliography: papers.bib
 authors:
diff --git a/_wiki/real-time-energy-market.md b/_wiki/real-time-energy-market.md
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 ---
 layout: distill
 title: Real Time Energy Market
-description:
+description: Use dispatch run to determine the least cost solution to balance supply and demand.
 tags: PJM
 bibliography: papers.bib
 authors:
diff --git a/_wiki/real-time-reliability-model.md b/_wiki/real-time-reliability-model.md
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 ---
 layout: distill
 title: Real-Time Reliability Model
-description: A.k.a. EMS model. A computer representation of the power system facilities.
+description: A.k.a. <u>EMS model</u>. A computer representation of the power system facilities.
 tags: reliability, transmission-operation, PJM, ISO
 bibliography: papers.bib
 authors:
diff --git a/_wiki/region.md b/_wiki/region.md
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 ---
 layout: distill
 title: Region
-description: Bulk power system reliability regions in North America
+description: Bulk power system reliability regions in North America.
 tags: geography
 bibliography: papers.bib
 authors:
diff --git a/_wiki/remedial-action-scheme.md b/_wiki/remedial-action-scheme.md
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 ---
 layout: distill
 title: Remedial Action Scheme
-description: RAS
+description: RAS.
 tags: reliability
 bibliography: papers.bib
 authors:
diff --git a/_wiki/reserve-markets.md b/_wiki/reserve-markets.md
diff --git a/_wiki/resilience.md b/_wiki/resilience.md
diff --git a/_wiki/resource-scheduling-commitment.md b/_wiki/resource-scheduling-commitment.md
diff --git a/_wiki/secondary-control.md b/_wiki/secondary-control.md
diff --git a/_wiki/security-constrained-economic-dispatch.md b/_wiki/security-constrained-economic-dispatch.md
diff --git a/_wiki/security-constrained-unit-commitment.md b/_wiki/security-constrained-unit-commitment.md
diff --git a/_wiki/stability-limits.md b/_wiki/stability-limits.md
diff --git a/_wiki/storm-resilience-metric.md b/_wiki/storm-resilience-metric.md
diff --git a/_wiki/synchronization-process.md b/_wiki/synchronization-process.md
diff --git a/_wiki/synchronization.md b/_wiki/synchronization.md
diff --git a/_wiki/transient-stability-assessment.md b/_wiki/transient-stability-assessment.md
diff --git a/_wiki/transmission-interconnection-procedures.md b/_wiki/transmission-interconnection-procedures.md
diff --git a/_wiki/transmission-planning-horizon.md b/_wiki/transmission-planning-horizon.md
diff --git a/_wiki/uncertainty.md b/_wiki/uncertainty.md
diff --git a/_wiki/unit-commitment.md b/_wiki/unit-commitment.md
