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Library overview
There are many functions in the library. Let's take a look at the most usefull ones.
double :: Double -> D
int :: Int -> D
text :: String -> Str
sig :: D -> Sig
They convert the time varied frequency to the signal:
osc :: Sig -> Sig -- pure tone
saw :: Sig -> Sig -- sawtooth
sqr :: Sig -> Sig -- square wave
tri :: Sig -> Sig -- triangle wave
oscBy :: Tab -> Sig -> Sig -- oscillator with a specified wave
blosc :: Tab -> Sig -> Sig -- a generic band-limited oscillator
There are unipolar variants of the waveforms (a unipolar signal varies from 0 to 1):
uosc, usaw, usqr, etc
Release is a time to linger the signal after note is over (usefull with midi). Two additional parameters are: time of the release and the final value. Exponential envelopes should be above zero (we can use the small numbers to imitate the zero)
linseg :: [D] -> Sig -- linear envelope
expseg :: [D] -> Sig -- exponential envelope
-- with release:
linsegr :: [D] -> D -> D -> Sig -- linear envelope
expsegr :: [D] -> D -> D -> Sig -- exponential envelope
Parameters: the last argument is always the signal to filter
the first parameter is cut-off frequency for lp and hp
and the center frequency for bp and br. The second argument
for bp and br is a band-width.
lp :: Sig -> Sig -> Sig -- low pass
hp :: Sig -> Sig -> Sig -- high pass
bp :: Sig -> Sig -> Sig -> Sig -- band pass
br :: Sig -> Sig -> Sig -> Sig -- band reject
There are butterworth variants of the filters: blp, bhp, bbp, bbr.
nreverb :: Sig -> Sig -> Sig
It takes a signal to process, the delay time and the speed of decay (0 to 1).
reverbsc :: Tuple a => Sig -> Sig -> Sig -> Sig -> a
reverbsc aleft aright feedBackLevel cutOffFrequency
It's a stereo processing. It takes a two signals the feedback level (0 to 1) and cut off frequency of the low pass filter (usually it's 10000).
mp3in :: Tuple a => Str -> a
diskin2 :: Tuple a => Str -> Sig -> a
The function diskin2 reads only wav files. The additional parameter is
the speed of the playback.
sines :: [Double] -> Tab -- list of the partials to sine harmonics
lins :: [Double] -> Tab -- array of linear segments
-- (parameters are like in `linseg`)
exps :: [Double] -> Tab -- array of exponential segments
-- (parameters are like in `expseg`)
The first parameter is the amplitude, the second one is beta
for the low pass filter (-1 to 1) for the function noise, and the frequency of the
random values for the function randi.
noise :: Sig -> Sig -> SE Sig -- white noise
randi :: Sig -> Sig -> SE Sig -- random linear segments
pinkish :: Sig -> SE Sig -- pink noise
Opcodes are definet in the package csound-expression-opcodes-typed.
It's re-exported by the module Csound.Base.
The modules Csound.Air, Csound.Opcode.SignalModifiers and Csound.Opcode.SignalGenerators are good places to start.
Defined in the module Csound.Control.Evt
The event stream Evt is a Functor and Monoid
metroE :: Sig -> Evt ()
filterE :: (a -> BoolD) -> Evt a -> Evt a
repeatE :: a -> Evt b -> Evt a
cycleE :: (Arg a) => [a] -> Evt b -> Evt a
oneOf :: (Arg a) => [a] -> Evt b -> Evt a
randSkip :: D -> Evt a -> Evt a
-- renderes the midi instrument
midi :: Sigs a => (Msg -> SE a) -> a
-- renderes the midi instrument
-- on the given channel
midin :: Sigs a => Int -> (Msg -> SE a) -> a
-- mix the signals from score
mix :: (CsdSco f, Sigs a) => f (Mix a) -> a
-- invokes an instrument on the score
sco :: (CsdSco f, Arg a, Sigs b) => (a -> SE b) -> f a -> f (Mix b)
-- applies an effect to the score
eff :: (CsdSco f, Sigs a, Sigs b) => (a -> SE b) -> f (Mix a) -> f (Mix b)
-- invokes an instrument on the event stream
-- event stream contains duration of the note
sched :: (Arg a, Sigs b) => (a -> SE b) -> Evt (D, a) -> b
-- event stream contains delay time and duration of the note
trig :: (Arg a, Sigs b) => (a -> SE b) -> Evt (D, D, a) -> b
Defined in the module Csound.IO
The type class RenderCsd contains the sings that can be rendered to file.
It's something that produces the sound or triggers the csound procedures.
-- plays a signal in real time
dac :: RenderCsd a => a -> IO ()
-- plays a signal in real time with virtual midi-keyboard
vdac :: RenderCsd a => a -> IO ()
-- saves the csound file with the given name
writeCsd :: RenderCsd a => String -> a -> IO ()
-- saves the csound file to 'tmp.csd' and invokes the csound on it
csd :: RenderCsd a => a -> IO ()
Defined in the module Csound.Options.
With options we can set the global settings of the rendering process.
The type Options is a monoid with the meaning that we can
concatenate partially defined options and get more specified ones.
To specify the options we use the rendering functions with suffix By:
options = mconcat [setRates 44800 64, setDac, setAdc]
main = cvsdBy options asignal
The most common options:
-- sets the sample rate and the block size
setRates :: Int -> Int -> Options
-- sets the buffer sizes (the define the granylarity of the real-time performance)
setBufs :: Int -> Int -> Options
-- where to direct the output
setOutput :: String -> Options
-- from where to recieve the input
setInput :: String -> Options
-- sets the specific output and input
-- directs the output to dac
setDac :: Options
-- recieves the input from adc.
setAdc :: Options
setThru = mappend setDac setAdc
Defined in the module Temporal.Music.Score from the package temporal-music-notation:
-- Constructs a score with the single note (it lasts for one second)
temp :: a -> Score a
-- Constructs a score that contains nothing and lasts for some time.
rest :: Double -> Score a
-- Stretches the score in the time domain with the given coefficient.
-- It gets faster or slower.
str :: Double -> Score a -> Score a
-- Delays all events with the given amount of time.
del :: Double -> Score a -> Score a
-- A sequential composition of scores. It's short for melody.
-- It plays the scores one after the other.
mel :: [Score a] -> Score a
-- A parallel composition. It's short for harmony.
-- It plays all scores at the same time.
har :: [Score a] -> Score a
-- Repeats the score several times.
loop :: Int -> Score a -> Score a