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#288: Added sh:SelectExpression, with test cases and TTL changes
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‎shacl12-core/index.html

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@@ -1775,7 +1775,7 @@ <h3>Node Expressions</h3>
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</p>
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<aside class="example" title="A dynamically computed property using a node expression based on a SPARQL query">
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<p>
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Here is an example use of a node expression based on <a href="shacl12-sparql">SHACL-SPARQL</a>, computing
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Here is an example use of a node expression based on <a data-cite="shacl12-sparql#SelectExpression">SHACL-SPARQL</a>, computing
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the values of a property shape for the property "full name" as the concatenation of <code>ex:firstName</code>,
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a space and the <code>ex:lastName</code>.
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</p>

‎shacl12-sparql/index.html

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@@ -383,6 +383,7 @@ <h3>Terminology</h3>
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<dfn data-cite="rdf12-concepts#dfn-literal" data-lt="literal|literals">literal</dfn>,
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<dfn data-cite="rdf12-concepts#dfn-blank-node" data-lt="blank node|blank nodes">blank node</dfn>,
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<dfn data-cite="rdf12-concepts#dfn-node" data-lt="node|nodes">node</dfn> of an RDF graph,
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<dfn data-cite="rdf12-concepts#dfn-datatype" data-lt="datatype|datatypes">datatype</dfn>,
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<dfn data-cite="rdf12-concepts#dfn-rdf-term" data-lt="term|terms">RDF term</dfn>, and
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<dfn data-cite="rdf12-concepts#dfn-subject" data-lt="subject|subjects">subject</dfn>,
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<dfn data-cite="rdf12-concepts#dfn-predicate" data-lt="predicate|predicates">predicate</dfn>, and
@@ -409,6 +410,11 @@ <h3>Terminology</h3>
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<dfn data-cite="shacl12-core#dfn-sparql-property-path" data-lt="sparql property path|sparql property paths">SPARQL property path</dfn>,
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<dfn data-cite="shacl12-core#dfn-shapes-graph" data-lt="shapes graph">shapes graph</dfn>,
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<dfn data-cite="shacl12-core#dfn-validators" data-lt="validator|validators">validator</dfn>,
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<dfn data-cite="shacl12-core#dfn-node-expression" data-lt="node expression|node expresssions">node expression</dfn>,
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<dfn data-cite="shacl12-core#dfn-node-expression-function" data-lt="node expression function|node expresssion functions">node expression function</dfn>,
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<dfn data-cite="shacl12-core#dfn-function-name" data-lt="node expression function name">function name</dfn>,
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<dfn data-cite="shacl12-core#dfn-key-parameter" data-lt="key parameter">key parameter</dfn>,
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<dfn data-cite="shacl12-core#dfn-output-nodes" data-lt="output nodes">output nodes</dfn>,
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<dfn data-cite="shacl12-core#dfn-conform" data-lt="conform|conforms">conform</dfn>,
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<dfn data-cite="shacl12-core#dfn-failure" data-lt="failure|failures">failure</dfn>,
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<dfn data-cite="shacl12-core#dfn-shacl-instance" data-lt="shacl instance">SHACL instance</dfn>,
@@ -1205,6 +1211,118 @@ <h3>Validation with SPARQL-based Constraint Components</h3>
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</section>
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</section>
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<section id="sparql-node-expressions">
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<h2>SPARQL-based Node Expressions</h2>
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<p>
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This section introduces <a>node expression functions</a> based on SPARQL.
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</p>
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<section id="SelectExpression">
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<h3>Select Expressions</h3>
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<p>
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A <a>node expression</a> that has a <a>value</a> for <code>sh:select</code> is called a <dfn>select expression</dfn> with the <a>function name</a>
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<code>sh:SelectExpression</code>.
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</p>
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<p class="syntax">
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<span data-syntax-rule="SelectExpression-syntax">A node in an RDF graph is a <a>well-formed</a> <a>select expression</a> if it is a <a>blank node</a>
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that is the <a>subject</a> of exactly one <a>triple</a> with <code>sh:select</code> as <a>predicate</a> and a <a>literal</a> as <a>object</a>
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with <a>datatype</a> <code>xsd:string</code>.</span>
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<span data-syntax-rule="SelectExpression-query-valid">Using the <a href="#sparql-prefixes">prefix handling rules</a>, the value of <code>sh:select</code> is a valid SPARQL 1.2 SELECT query.</span>
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<span data-syntax-rule="SelectExpression-query-output-nodes">The SPARQL query derived from the value of <code>sh:select</code> <a data-cite="sparql12-query/#selectproject">projects</a> exactly one variable in the SELECT clause.</span>
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</p>
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<div class="def" id="LiteralExpression-evaluation">
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<div class="def-header">EVALUATION OF SELECT EXPRESSIONS</div>
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<p>
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The <a>output nodes</a> of a <a>select expression</a> are the list <code>resultNodes</code> consisting of exactly the bindings of the (only)
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variable that is projected from the SELECT clause.
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If present in the <a>scope</a>, the value of the scope variable <code>focusNode</code> MUST be <a>pre-bound</a> as the value of the SPARQL variable <code>this</code>.
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<br/>
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<br/>
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<code>eval(expr, activeGraph, scope) -> resultNodes</code>
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</p>
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</div>
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<p><em>The remainder of this section is informative.</em></p>
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<aside class="example" title="A dynamically computed property using a node expression based on a SPARQL query">
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<p>
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Here is an example use of a <a>select expression</a>, computing the values of a property shape for the property
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"full name" as the concatenation of <code>ex:firstName</code>, a space and the <code>ex:lastName</code>.
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</p>
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<div class="shapes-graph">
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<div class="turtle">
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ex:Person-fullName
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a sh:PropertyShape ;
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sh:name "full name" ;
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sh:path <b>[
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sh:prefixes &lt;http://example.org/ns&gt; ;
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sh:select """
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SELECT ?fullName
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WHERE {
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$this ex:firstName ?firstName .
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$this ex:lastName ?lastName .
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BIND (CONCAT(?firstName, " ", ?lastName) AS ?fullName) .
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}
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"""
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]</b> ;
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sh:datatype xsd:string .
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&lt;http://example.org/ns&gt;
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a owl:Ontology ;
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sh:declare [
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sh:prefix "ex" ;
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sh:namespace "http://example.org/ns#"^^xsd:anyURI ;
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] .
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</div>
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</div>
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<p>
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This example also illustrates the use of <code>sh:prefixes</code> to insert PREFIX declarations into the beginning of the query before parsing.
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Note that the query is executed with the current <a>focus node</a> <a>pre-bound</a> to the variable <code>this</code>.
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</p>
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</aside>
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<aside class="example" title="Dynamically computed target nodes using a node expression based on a SPARQL query">
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<p>
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Here is an example use of a <a>select expression</a>, computing the target nodes of a shape to consist of all instances of
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<code>ex:Person</code> where the <code>ex:age</code> is less than <code>18</code>.
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</p>
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<div class="shapes-graph">
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<div class="turtle">
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ex:ChildShape
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a sh:NodeShape ;
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rdfs:label "Child shape" ;
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rdfs:comment "This shape applies to all persons under 18 years of age." ;
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sh:targetNode <b>[
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sh:select """
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PREFIX ex: &lt;http://example.org/ns#&gt;
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SELECT ?person
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WHERE {
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?person a/rdfs:subClassOf* ex:Person .
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?person ex:age ?age .
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FILTER (?age &lt; 18) .
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}
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"""
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]</b> .
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</div>
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</div>
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<p>
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From the following data graph, only <code>ex:Benjamin</code> is a target node.
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</p>
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<div class="data-graph">
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<div class="turtle">
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<span class="focus-node-selected">ex:Benjamin</span>
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a ex:Person ;
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ex:age 17 .
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ex:Klaus
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a ex:Person ;
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ex:age 48 .
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ex:Bernd
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a ex:Person .
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</div>
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</div>
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</aside>
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</section>
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</section>
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<div style="padding-top: 30px">
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<h1 id="appendix" style="font-size: 160%; font-weight: bold">Appendix</h1>
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</div>
@@ -1317,6 +1435,13 @@ <h2>Revision History</h2>
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<li><b>2024-02-14</b>: New work started by cloning the main SHACL spec and splitting it into SHACL Core and SHACL-SPARQL</li>
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</ul>
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</section>
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<section class="appendix informative" id="changes-12">
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<h2>Changes between SHACL 1.0 SPARQL and SHACL 1.2 SPARQL Extensions</h2>
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<ul>
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<li>Added the <a>node expression function</a> <a href="#SelectExpression"><code>sh:SelectExpression</code></a>, see <a href="https://github.com/w3c/data-shapes/issues/288">Issue 288</a></li>
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</ul>
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</section>
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</body>
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‎shacl12-test-suite/tests/sparql/manifest.ttl

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mf:include <node/manifest.ttl> ;
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mf:include <property/manifest.ttl> ;
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mf:include <pre-binding/manifest.ttl> ;
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mf:include <targets/manifest.ttl> ;
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.

‎shacl12-test-suite/tests/sparql/property/manifest.ttl

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<>
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a mf:Manifest ;
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rdfs:label "Tests converted from http://datashapes.org/sh/tests/tests/sparql/property" ;
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mf:include <property-select-001.ttl> ;
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mf:include <sparql-001.ttl> ;
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.

‎shacl12-test-suite/tests/sparql/property/property-select-001.ttl

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@prefix dash: <http://datashapes.org/dash#> .
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@prefix ex: <http://example.org/ns#> .
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@prefix mf: <http://www.w3.org/2001/sw/DataAccess/tests/test-manifest#> .
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@prefix owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#> .
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@prefix rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#> .
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@prefix rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#> .
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@prefix sh: <http://www.w3.org/ns/shacl#> .
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@prefix sht: <http://www.w3.org/ns/shacl-test#> .
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@prefix xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#> .
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ex:Person-fullName
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a sh:PropertyShape ;
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sh:targetClass ex:Person ;
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sh:name "full name" ;
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sh:path [
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sh:prefixes <http://example.org/ns> ;
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sh:select """
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SELECT ?fullName
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WHERE {
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$this ex:firstName ?firstName .
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$this ex:lastName ?lastName .
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BIND (CONCAT(?firstName, " ", ?lastName) AS ?fullName) .
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}
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"""
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] ;
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sh:datatype xsd:string ;
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sh:hasValue "John Muir" .
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<http://example.org/ns>
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a owl:Ontology ;
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sh:declare [
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sh:prefix "ex" ;
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sh:namespace "http://example.org/ns#"^^xsd:anyURI ;
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] .
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ex:JohnMuir
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a ex:Person ;
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ex:firstName "John" ;
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ex:lastName "Muir" .
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ex:JohnWayne
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a ex:Person ;
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ex:firstName "John" ;
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ex:lastName "Wayne" .
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<>
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rdf:type mf:Manifest ;
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mf:entries (
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<property-select-001>
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) ;
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.
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<property-select-001>
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rdf:type sht:Validate ;
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rdfs:label "Test of a sh:property with a sh:select expression 001" ;
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mf:action [
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sht:dataGraph <> ;
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sht:shapesGraph <> ;
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] ;
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mf:result [
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rdf:type sh:ValidationReport ;
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sh:conforms "false"^^xsd:boolean ;
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sh:result [
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rdf:type sh:ValidationResult ;
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sh:focusNode ex:JohnWayne ;
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sh:resultPath [
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sh:prefixes <http://example.org/ns> ;
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sh:select """
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SELECT ?fullName
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WHERE {
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$this ex:firstName ?firstName .
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$this ex:lastName ?lastName .
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BIND (CONCAT(?firstName, " ", ?lastName) AS ?fullName) .
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}
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"""
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] ;
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sh:resultSeverity sh:Violation ;
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sh:sourceConstraintComponent sh:HasValueConstraintComponent ;
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sh:sourceShape ex:Person-fullName ;
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] ;
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] ;
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mf:status sht:approved ;
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.

‎shacl12-test-suite/tests/sparql/targets/manifest.ttl

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@prefix mf: <http://www.w3.org/2001/sw/DataAccess/tests/test-manifest#> .
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@prefix rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#> .
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@prefix sht: <http://www.w3.org/ns/shacl-test#> .
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<>
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a mf:Manifest ;
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rdfs:label "Tests for SPARQL-based targets" ;
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mf:include <targetNode-select-001.ttl> ;
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.

‎shacl12-test-suite/tests/sparql/targets/targetNode-select-001.ttl

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@prefix dash: <http://datashapes.org/dash#> .
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@prefix ex: <http://example.org/ns#> .
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@prefix mf: <http://www.w3.org/2001/sw/DataAccess/tests/test-manifest#> .
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@prefix owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#> .
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@prefix rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#> .
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@prefix rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#> .
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@prefix sh: <http://www.w3.org/ns/shacl#> .
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@prefix sht: <http://www.w3.org/ns/shacl-test#> .
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@prefix xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#> .
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ex:ChildShape
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a sh:NodeShape ;
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rdfs:label "Child shape" ;
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rdfs:comment "This shape applies to all persons under 18 years of age." ;
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sh:targetNode [
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sh:select """
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PREFIX ex: <http://example.org/ns#>
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SELECT ?person
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WHERE {
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?person a/rdfs:subClassOf* ex:Person .
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?person ex:age ?age .
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FILTER (?age < 18) .
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}
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"""
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] ;
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sh:property ex:ChildShape-driversLicense .
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ex:ChildShape-driversLicense
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a sh:PropertyShape ;
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sh:path ex:driversLicense ;
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sh:maxCount 0 .
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ex:Benjamin
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a ex:Person ;
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ex:driversLicense "123" ;
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ex:age 17 .
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ex:Klaus
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a ex:Person ;
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ex:driversLicense "456" ;
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ex:age 48 .
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ex:Bernd
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a ex:Person ;
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ex:driversLicense "789" .
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<>
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rdf:type mf:Manifest ;
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mf:entries (
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<targetNode-select-001>
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) ;
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.
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<targetNode-select-001>
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rdf:type sht:Validate ;
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rdfs:label "Test of sh:targetNode with a sh:select expression 001" ;
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mf:action [
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sht:dataGraph <> ;
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sht:shapesGraph <> ;
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] ;
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mf:result [
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rdf:type sh:ValidationReport ;
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sh:conforms "false"^^xsd:boolean ;
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sh:result [
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rdf:type sh:ValidationResult ;
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sh:focusNode ex:Benjamin ;
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sh:resultPath ex:driversLicense ;
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sh:resultSeverity sh:Violation ;
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sh:sourceConstraintComponent sh:MaxCountConstraintComponent ;
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sh:sourceShape ex:ChildShape-driversLicense ;
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] ;
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] ;
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mf:status sht:approved ;
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.

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